Effects of the Menstrual Cycle on Exercise Performance
Effects of the Menstrual Cycle on Exercise Performance
复制标题
月经周期对运动表现的影响
DOI：
10.2165/00007256-200333110-00004
复制
发表时间：
2003
期刊：
影响因子：
9.8
通讯作者：
X. J. D. Jonge
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
X. J. D. Jonge
本文综述了女性类固醇激素在月经周期中的波动对运动能力的潜在影响。雌激素和孕激素浓度的测量，以验证月经周期阶段是一个主要的考虑，在这方面的审查。然而，即使测量激素浓度，测试时间的差异，雌激素和孕激素浓度的个体间和个体内的高变异性，它们分泌的脉动性质及其相互作用的组合，可能很容易掩盖月经周期对运动表现的可能影响。当关注使用激素验证和电刺激以确保最大神经激活的研究时，目前的文献表明，整个月经周期中女性生殖激素的波动不会影响肌肉收缩特性。大多数研究还报告说，在月经周期中，最大耗氧量（V ~ O2 max）的许多决定因素没有变化，如乳酸对运动的反应、体重、血浆容量、血红蛋白浓度、心率和通气量。因此，目前的文献表明V_（O2）max不受月经周期的影响也就不足为奇了。这些研究结果表明，定期锻炼的女运动员，在强度特定的运动和激烈的无氧/有氧运动的竞争，不需要调整月经周期阶段，以最大限度地提高性能。尽管大多数研究表明，氧气消耗量，心率和对次最大稳态运动的感知运动反应的评级不受月经周期的影响，但一些研究报告称，在黄体中期进行适度运动时，心血管紧张度较高。尽管如此，在次最大运动强度下的力竭时间在月经周期中没有变化。由于耗尽时间试验的重现性较低，因此应质疑该发现的意义。在炎热的条件下长时间运动期间，当体温升高时，在黄体中期显示出运动时间的减少。因此，黄体中期通过升高体温和潜在增加的心血管紧张对长期运动表现具有潜在的负面影响。女性耐力运动员的实际影响可能是调整比赛时间表，以适应月经周期，特别是在炎热，潮湿的条件下。目前的研究范围小，其方法的局限性，需要进一步调查月经周期对长期运动表现的影响。
This article reviews the potential effects of the female steroid hormone fluctuations during the menstrual cycle on exercise performance. The measurement of estrogen and progesterone concentration to verify menstrual cycle phase is a major consideration in this review. However, even when hormone concentrations are measured, the combination of differences in timing of testing, the high inter- and intra-individual variability in estrogen and progesterone concentration, the pulsatile nature of their secretion and their interaction, may easily obscure possible effects of the menstrual cycle on exercise performance. When focusing on studies using hormone verification and electrical stimulation to ensure maximal neural activation, the current literature suggests that fluctuations in female reproductive hormones throughout the menstrual cycle do not affect muscle contractile characteristics. Most research also reports no changes over the menstrual cycle for the many determinants of maximal oxygen consumption (V̇O2max), such as lactate response to exercise, bodyweight, plasma volume, haemoglobin concentration, heart rate and ventilation. Therefore, it is not surprising that the current literature indicates that V̇O2max is not affected by the menstrual cycle. These findings suggest that regularly menstruating female athletes, competing in strength-specific sports and intense anaerobic/aerobic sports, do not need to adjust for menstrual cycle phase to maximise performance.For prolonged exercise performance, however, the menstrual cycle may have an effect. Even though most research suggests that oxygen consumption, heart rate and rating of perceived exertion responses to sub-maximal steady-state exercise are not affected by the menstrual cycle, several studies report a higher cardiovascular strain during moderate exercise in the mid-luteal phase. Nevertheless, time to exhaustion at sub-maximal exercise intensities shows no change over the menstrual cycle. The significance of this finding should be questioned due to the low reproducibility of the time to exhaustion test. During prolonged exercise in hot conditions, a decrease in exercise time to exhaustion is shown during the mid-luteal phase, when body temperature is elevated. Thus, the mid-luteal phase has a potential negative effect on prolonged exercise performance through elevated body temperature and potentially increased cardiovascular strain. Practical implications for female endurance athletes may be the adjustment of competition schedules to their menstrual cycle, especially in hot, humid conditions. The small scope of the current research and its methodological limitations warrant further investigation of the effect of the menstrual cycle on prolonged exercise performance.
DOI：
10.1210/jcem.83.12.5334
发表时间：
1998-12
期刊：
The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism
影响因子：
--
作者：
M. J. Souza;B. E. Miller;A. Loucks;A. Luciano;L. Pescatello;C. Campbell;B. Lasley
通讯作者：
M. J. Souza;B. E. Miller;A. Loucks;A. Luciano;L. Pescatello;C. Campbell;B. Lasley
影响因子：
4.1
作者：
Dombovy,ML;Bonekat,HW;Williams,TJ;Staats,BA
通讯作者：
Staats,BA