Regulating Gamete Donation in the U.S.: Ethical, Legal and Social Implications.
Regulating Gamete Donation in the U.S.: Ethical, Legal and Social Implications.
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作者：
Sabatello M
这篇文章探讨了配子捐赠在美国的实践，并考虑到一个更大的问题，即我们作为一个社会对因此而出生的孩子（捐赠者怀上的孩子）有什么亏欠。受赠人的父母有义务告诉他们的受赠人的孩子他/她的基因起源吗？捐献人的身份应该公开还是保持匿名？孩子是否有权知道她的受孕故事并获得有关捐赠者的信息，包括身份信息？此外，如果捐赠者怀孕的孩子有知情权，谁有义务告诉她/他这件事？该条强调了与这一领域的国际发展相比较和对比所产生的伦理、法律和社会困境。它强调了规范这一领域的基于市场和更具体的医学理由，探讨了新兴的所谓儿童知道他/她的遗传起源的权利（“知情权”），并考虑了这种权利对美国现有的法律文化和医学伦理原则以及这种权利的其他更广泛的社会影响所带来的挑战。
This article explores the practice of gamete donation in the U.S. having in mind the larger question of what do we as a society owe children born as a result (donor-conceived children). Do recipient-parents have a duty to tell their donor-conceived child about his/her genetic origins? Should the identity of the donor be disclosed or remain anonymous? Does the child have a right to know her conception story and to receive information, including identifying information, about the donor? Furthermore, if a donor-conceived child has a right to know, who has the duty to tell her/him about it? The Article underscores the ethical, legal and social dilemmas that arise, comparing and contrasting with international developments in this arena. It highlights the market-based and more specific medical justifications for regulating this field, explores the emerging so-called right of the child to know his/her genetic origins (“the right to know”), and considers the challenges such a right evokes to existing legal culture and principles of medical ethics in the U.S. as well as other broader societal implications of such a right.