Genetic diversity of microsatellite loci in fifty-six Chinese native pig breeds.
Genetic diversity of microsatellite loci in fifty-six Chinese native pig breeds.
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发表时间：
2003-03
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通讯作者：
Gui-Xiang Zhang;Zhiguo Wang;Fei-Zhou Sun;Weisheng Chen;Guo-Yi Yang;Shixing Guo;Yong-jun Li;Xiao-Li Zhao;Yuan Zhang;Jun Sun;B. Fan;Shulin Yang;Kui Li
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作者：
Gui-Xiang Zhang;Zhiguo Wang;Fei-Zhou Sun;Weisheng Chen;Guo-Yi Yang;Shixing Guo;Yong-jun Li;Xiao-Li Zhao;Yuan Zhang;Jun Sun;B. Fan;Shulin Yang;Kui Li
利用国际动物遗传学会（IS-AG）和联合国粮农组织（FAO）推荐的27个微卫星标记，对我国五十六个地方猪种和3个引进猪种（杜洛克、长白猪和大白色猪）的遗传多样性进行了分析。通过等位基因频率、平均杂合度、有效等位基因数、基因分化估计量、多态信息含量、遗传距离和聚类分析等方法，对地方猪种的遗传变异和群体结构进行了估计。地方猪种的遗传变异范围为：有效等位基因数为2.12 ~ 9.03，平均杂合度为0.44 ~ 0.87，多态信息含量为0.39 ~ 0.86。利用Nei遗传距离和Nei标准遗传距离构建UPGMA和NJ系统树，并进行Bootstrap检验。根据聚类分析结果，将五十六个地方猪种分为十二个类群。与我国猪种分类比较，Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅲ群与华北型相当，Ⅳ群与长江下游型基本一致，Ⅴ、Ⅵ、VII、VIII、IX群与华中型相当，X、XI群与华南型相当，XII群与西南型相当。提出了保种场结合保种区是我国地方猪种保种的适宜方式。本研究结果可为我国地方品种的种质特性研究提供分子基础数据，为地方品种的保护和利用提供科学依据。
The genetic diversity of fifty-six indigenous pig breeds in China, and three introduced pig breeds (Duroc, Landrace and Large White) was surveyed using twenty-seven microsatellites recommended by the International Society for Animal Genetics (IS-AG) and Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO). By means of the allele frequencies, mean heterozygosity, effective number of alleles, estimator of gene differentiation, polymorphism information content, genetic distance and dendrogram analysis, the genetic variability and population structure of native pig breeds were estimated. Genetic variabilities within native pig breeds are as follows: Effective number of alleles vary from 2.12 to 9.03, from 0.44 to 0.87 for mean heterozygosity, from 0.39 to 0.86 for polymorphism information content. Nei's genetic distance and Nei's standard genetic distance were estimated and used to construct UPGMA and NJ dendrograms, which were evaluated by the bootstrap test. Fifty-six Chinese indigenous pig breeds were clustered into twelve groups based on the dendrogram. Compared with the classification in Pig Breeds in China, I, II and III groups in the study are equivalent to North-China type, IV group basically accords with Lower-Changjiang River Basin type, V, VI, VII, VIII and IX groups quite correspond with Central-China type, X and XI group largely correspond to South-China type, the last group, XII is equal to South-west type at large. Suggestions that the conservation farms together with conservation areas are appropriate methods for the preservation of native pig breeds in our country were proposed. The results could provide basic molecular data for the research on the germplasm characteristics of local breeds in our country and scientific basis for the conservation and utilization of those breeds.