Mitochondrial function and insulin secretion
Mitochondrial function and insulin secretion
复制标题
DOI：
10.1016/j.mce.2013.06.019
复制
发表时间：
2013-10-15
影响因子：
4.1
通讯作者：
Maechler, Pierre
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Maechler, Pierre
在胰腺的内分泌部分，β细胞通过调节胰岛素的分泌速度，对血糖浓度的波动做出快速反应。葡萄糖感觉与胰岛素胞吐作用的耦合依赖于代谢信号被分泌机制识别的细胞内信使的转导。线粒体通过将葡萄糖代谢与胰岛素释放联系起来，在这一过程中发挥着核心作用。线粒体活性主要受代谢通量的调节，但也受动态形态变化和游离钙离子浓度的影响。讨论了线粒体钙稳态的最新研究进展，特别是新发现的线粒体钙单一转运体MCU及其调控伙伴MICU1，以及线粒体Na+-钙交换因子的作用。这篇综述描述了线粒体如何作为代谢信号的感受器和生成器，如NADPH、长链酰辅酶A、谷氨酸。这些偶联因子对钙信号是相加的，参与了葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌的放大途径。(C)2013爱思唯尔爱尔兰有限公司。保留所有权利。
In the endocrine fraction of the pancreas, the beta-cell rapidly reacts to fluctuations in blood glucose concentrations by adjusting the rate of insulin secretion. Glucose-sensing coupled to insulin exocytosis depends on transduction of metabolic signals into intracellular messengers recognized by the secretory machinery. Mitochondria play a central role in this process by connecting glucose metabolism to insulin release. Mitochondrial activity is primarily regulated by metabolic fluxes, but also by dynamic morphology changes and free Ca2+ concentrations. Recent advances of mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis are discussed; in particular the roles of the newly-identified mitochondrial Ca2+ uniporter MCU and its regulatory partner MICU1, as well as the mitochondrial Na+-Ca2+ exchanger. This review describes how mitochondria function both as sensors and generators of metabolic signals; such as NADPH, long chain acyl-CoA, glutamate. The coupling factors are additive to the Ca2+ signal and participate to the amplifying pathway of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion. (C) 2013 Elsevier Ireland Ltd. All rights reserved.