Lung cancer: a new frontier for microbiome research and clinical translation.
Lung cancer: a new frontier for microbiome research and clinical translation.
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DOI：
10.3332/ecancer.2018.866
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发表时间：
2018
影响因子：
1.8
通讯作者：
Lewis KE
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Mur LA;Huws SA;Cameron SJ;Lewis PD;Lewis KE
肺部微生物组已被证明可以反映一系列肺部疾病，例如：哮喘、慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）和囊性纤维化。研究已经开始显示与肺癌（LC）相关的肺部微生物变化，这可能为肺癌发生和疾病筛查提供新的生物标志物。临床研究提示结核或肺炎感染可能通过炎症或免疫改变增加LC的风险。这些现在已经被基于支气管肺泡灌洗液、痰液或唾液样本的基因组学微生物组测序研究所取代。尽管存在一些差异，但许多人认为LC样品中的特定细菌属发生了变化，特别是颗粒菌，链球菌和细孔菌。Granulicatella是特别有趣的，因为它似乎显示出LC阶段特异性的丰度增加。我们认为，这些微生物群落的变化可能反映了LC肺的生化变化，与厌氧环境生态位的增加和吡多醛/多胺/氮代谢的改变有关，而颗粒藻可能对这些变化特别敏感。这些显然是初步的观察结果，需要更广泛的研究来发展我们对LC微生物组的理解。
The lung microbiome has been shown to reflect a range of pulmonary diseases—for example: asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and cystic fibrosis. Studies have now begun to show microbiological changes in the lung that correlate with lung cancer (LC) which could provide new insights into lung carcinogenesis and new biomarkers for disease screening. Clinical studies have suggested that infections with tuberculosis or pneumonia increased the risk of LC possibly through inflammatory or immunological changes. These have now been superseded by genomic-based microbiome sequencing studies based on bronchoalveolar lavage, sputum or saliva samples. Although some discrepancies exist, many have suggested changes in particular bacterial genera in LC samples particularly, Granulicatella, Streptococcus and Veillonella. Granulicatella is of particular interest, as it appeared to show LC stage-specific increases in abundance. We propose that these microbial community changes are likely to reflect biochemical changes in the LC lung, linked to an increase in anaerobic environmental niches and altered pyridoxal/polyamine/nitrogenous metabolism to which Granulicatella could be particularly responsive. These are clearly preliminary observations and many more expansive studies are required to develop our understanding of the LC microbiome.