The chronometry of attention-modulated processing and automatic mismatch detection.
The chronometry of attention-modulated processing and automatic mismatch detection.
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1469-8986.1992.tb01714.x
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发表时间：
1992-07
期刊：
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Gerald P. Novak;Walter Ritter;Herbert G. Vaughan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Gerald P. Novak;Walter Ritter;Herbert G. Vaughan
记录正常人在听觉选择性注意任务中的事件相关电位。目标是罕见的更长（170毫秒）的指定音调，嵌入在100毫秒的标准音调序列中。注意调制加工的影响在标准诱发的事件相关电位中表现明显。那些与相关标准相似的是简单（1000赫兹vs 2000赫兹）和硬（1000赫兹vs 1030赫兹）的音高分离，并且比那些与无关标准更负的前中央。不同的波形（有人参与减去无人参与的标准）揭示了Nd，即负偏转在简单任务（开始，120毫秒；峰值，250毫秒）的延迟时间早于困难任务（开始，250毫秒；峰值，350毫秒）。偏长音调的检测速度对Nd指示的注意调制过程不敏感。任务之间的平均反应时间没有差异，尽管在困难的任务中有更多的失误和假警报（后者几乎都是对无关的更长音调）。注意方向和任务难度都不影响错配负性、N2或P3的潜伏期（在不同波形中确定：有注意或无注意的较长音调减去各自的标准）。数据表明，长音的自动失配检测和音调的注意调制处理是两个独立但收敛的过程，然后是响应的选择。
Event-related potentials were recorded from normal subjects in an auditory selective attention task. Targets were rare longer (170-ms) tones of a designated pitch, embedded in a sequence of 100-ms standard tones. The effects of attention-modulated processing were evident in the event-related potentials elicited by the standards. Those to relevant standards were similar for easy (1000 Hz vs. 2000 Hz) and hard (1000 Hz vs. 1030 Hz) pitch separations, and were more negative frontocentrally than those to irrelevant standards. Difference waveforms (attended minus unattended standards) revealed Nd, a negative deflection that was earlier in latency for the easy task (onset, 120 ms; peak, 250 ms) than for the hard task (onset, 250 ms; peak, 350 ms). The speed of detection of the deviant longer tones was insensitive to the attention-modulated processes indexed by Nd. Median reaction time did not differ between tasks, although there were more misses and false alarms in the hard task (and nearly all of the latter were to the irrelevant longer tones). Neither direction of attention nor task difficulty affected the latency of mismatch negativity, N2, or P3 (as identified in difference waveforms: attended or unattended longer tones minus their respective standards). The data suggest that performance was guided by two independent but converging processes, automatic mismatch detection of the longer tone and attention-modulated processing of pitch, followed by selection of response.