Lagos bat virus in Kenya
Lagos bat virus in Kenya
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DOI：
10.1128/jcm.00016-08
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发表时间：
2008-04-01
影响因子：
9.4
通讯作者：
Rupprecht, Charles E.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kuzmin, Ivan V.;Niezgoda, Michael;Rupprecht, Charles E.
在狂犬病病毒监测期间，从肯尼亚的25个地点收集了至少30个物种的1,221只蝙蝠。从一只死亡的Eidolon helvum果蝠身上分离到一株拉各斯蝙蝠病毒（LBV）。该病毒与塞内加尔（1985年）和法国（1999年从多哥或埃及进口）的LBV分离株在遗传学上最相似，与这些病毒具有100%的核蛋白同一性和99.8%至100%的糖蛋白同一性。这种跨越时空的基因组保护表明LBV很好地适应了其自然宿主物种，并且东非和西非的水库宿主种群有足够的相互作用来共享病原体。除了在大脑中检测到高病毒浓度外，还在唾液腺和舌头以及口腔拭子中检测到高病毒浓度，这表明LBV通过唾液传播。在其他神经器官中，病毒通常与神经支配和神经节相关。生殖道和阴道拭子中存在传染性病毒意味着另一种传播机会。该分离株通过脑内和肌内途径对实验室小鼠具有致病性。血清学筛查证实E. Helvum和埃及果蝠。在不同的群体中，E. helvum和R.埃及伊蚊（aegyptiacus）。巢式逆转录-PCR并没有揭示在没有脑感染的情况下蝙蝠口腔拭子中存在病毒RNA。在人口密集的地区发现了几个大型蝙蝠栖息地，引起了对狂犬病病毒感染可能性的公共卫生关注。
During lyssavirus surveillance, 1,221 bats of at least 30 species were collected from 25 locations in Kenya. One isolate of Lagos bat virus (LBV) was obtained from a dead Eidolon helvum fruit bat. The virus was most similar phylogenetically to LBV isolates from Senegal (1985) and from France (imported from Togo or Egypt; 1999), sharing with these viruses 100% nucleoprotein identity and 99.8 to 100% glycoprotein identity. This genome conservancy across space and time suggests that LBV is well adapted to its natural host species and that populations of reservoir hosts in eastern and western Africa have sufficient interactions to share pathogens. High virus concentrations, in addition to being detected in the brain, were detected in the salivary glands and tongue and in an oral swab, suggesting that LBV is transmitted in the saliva. In other extraneural organs, the virus was generally associated with innervations and ganglia. The presence of infectious virus in the reproductive tract and in a vaginal swab implies an alternative opportunity for transmission. The isolate was pathogenic for laboratory mice by the intracerebral and intramuscular routes. Serologic screening demonstrated the presence of LBV-neutralizing antibodies in E. helvum and Rousettus aegyptiacus fruit bats. In different colonies the seroprevalence ranged from 40 to 67% and 29 to 46% for E. helvum and R. aegyptiacus, respectively. Nested reverse transcription-PCR did not reveal the presence of viral RNA in oral swabs of bats in the absence of brain infection. Several large bat roosts were identified in areas of dense human populations, raising public health concerns for the potential of lyssavirus infection.