Land use change in the Amazon estuary: Patterns of caboclo settlement and landscape management
Land use change in the Amazon estuary: Patterns of caboclo settlement and landscape management
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亚马逊河口的土地利用变化：卡博克洛定居点模式和景观管理
DOI：
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发表时间：
1994
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
You Wu
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Eduardo S Brondízio;E. Moran;P. Mausel;You Wu
1985年和1991年的大地卫星TM图像被用来制作亚马逊河河口一个地区的土地覆盖和土地利用的地理参照图，该地区居住着三种具有不同土地利用模式的caboclos。这一信息与过去5年进行的人种学和调查研究结合在一个地理信息系统中，以开发具有代表性的光谱“特征”，从而能够测量和区分土地使用情况，甚至能够检测小面积的有管理的洪泛平原森林和无管理的森林之间的变化，以及森林砍伐后次生演替的三个不同年龄/生长等级之间的变化。这些程序的实施允许按比例增加或减少不同分辨率的研究。三种不同的土地利用模式对环境的不同影响进行了研究。在一个地点，机械化农业几乎消灭了所有成熟的高地森林，现在主要是次生演替植被。在下一个站点，更传统的土地利用多样化系统显示了一个微妙的循环，随着时间的推移，洪泛林管理棕榈林，以响应棕榈果的价格和休耕土地的使用循环。第三个网站，棕榈果实提取的基础上，由于持续专业化的洪水淹没森林提取管理的土地覆盖的变化很小。几乎没有证据表明，对森林覆盖影响最大的社区在经济上比对地貌影响最小的两个社区好。这项研究表明，如何在亚马逊河流域的使用和保护之间的平衡可能会实现在洪泛区和河口地区，以及从卫星平台监测这些类型的土地覆盖的有效性。
Landsat TM scenes for 1985 and 1991 are used to produce a georeferenced map of land cover and land use for an area of the Amazon estuary inhabited by three populations of caboclos with distinct patterns of land use. This information is combined in a geographic information system with ethnographic and survey research carried out over the past 5 years to develop representative spectral “signatures” which permit measurement and differentiation of land uses and the detection of change even between small areas of managed floodplain forest and unmanaged forest, and between three distinct age/growth classes of secondary succession following deforestation. Implementation of these procedures permit the scaling up or down of research at different resolutions. Three distinct patterns of land use are examined with differential impact on the environment. Mechanized agriculture at one site has eliminated virtually all the mature upland forest and is now dominated by secondary successional vegetation. The more traditional system of diversified land use at the next site shows a subtle cycling of flooded forest to managed palm forest through time in response to the price of palm fruit and cycling in the use of fallow land. A third site, based on palm fruit extractivism, shows minimal changes in land cover due to persistent specialization on management of flooded forest extraction. There is little evidence that the community with the greatest impact on forest cover is any better off economically than the two communities which have minimal impact on the landscape. This study suggests how a balance between use and conservation in Amazonia may be achieved in floodplain and estuarine areas, and the effectiveness of monitoring these types of land cover from satellite platforms.