Networking, sensing, and control for networked control systems: Architectures, algorithms, and applications
Networking, sensing, and control for networked control systems: Architectures, algorithms, and applications
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发表时间：
2007-03
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通讯作者：
Feiyue Wang;Derong Liu;Simon X. Yang;Li Li-Li
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作者：
Feiyue Wang;Derong Liu;Simon X. Yang;Li Li-Li
在过去的十年中，通信、计算和控制的加速集成和融合激发了来自各种学科的研究人员和实践者对新兴的网络控制系统（NCS）领域产生了兴趣。一般来说，网络控制系统由传感器、执行器和控制器组成，它们的操作分布在不同的地理位置，并通过通信网络交换的信息进行协调。这些系统的一些典型特征体现在它们的异步操作、多样化的功能和复杂的组织结构。Internet的广泛应用是网络控制系统研究和发展的主要动力之一。最近，普适通信和计算的出现显著地加强了构建用于控制和管理各种网络中心复杂系统的系统的努力，这些系统在过程自动化、计算机集成制造、商业运营以及公共管理中变得越来越流行。对通信网络的控制在自动化中并不是一个新概念。从空间和危险环境的遥操作到分布式控制系统的过程调节，具有通信的控制系统已经在现实世界问题的应用中开发和使用了近30年[1]。有许多因素可以区分当前的NCS和以前的通信控制。其中两个是最重要的：1）在以前的通信控制中，网络是专门的，专用于信息交换的及时性和过程操作的稳定性，而在当前的NCS中，网络是通用的，公共的，用于各种无关但并发的应用，和稳定运行; 2）网络控制系统从以前到现在的功能已经发生了巨大的变化，从纯控制到各种控制和管理或行政功能，范围从资源分配、事件调度到任务组织等，涉及控制与通信工程、运筹学、计算机科学、管理科学等学科的概念和方法。网络化作战对多样性、复杂性和实时性的要求给网络控制系统带来了新的技术挑战。今天，许多关于互联动态系统的稳定性、通信对控制系统性能的影响等基本问题，保持开放，等待答案。即使仅从控制方面的角度来看，我们也需要思考在这个互联世界的时代，研究和应用的新方向是什么。一个潜在的...
T HE accelerated integration and convergence of communications , computing, and control over the last decade has inspired researchers and practitioners from a variety of disciplines to become interested in the emerging field of networked control systems (NCS). In general, an NCS consists of sensors, actua-tors, and controllers whose operations are distributed at different geographical locations and coordinated through information exchanged over communication networks. Some typical characteristics of those systems are reflected in their asynchronous operations , diversified functions, and complicated organizational structures. The widespread applications of the Internet have been one of the major driving forces for research and development of NCS. More recently, the emergence of pervasive communication and computing has significantly intensified the effort of building such systems for control and management of various network-centric complex systems that become more and more popular in process automation, computer-integrated manufacturing , business operations, as well as public administration. Control over a communication network is not a new concept in automation. From teleoperation for space and hazardous environments to process regulation with distributed control systems , control systems with communications have already been developed and utilized in applications of real-world problems for almost 30 years [1]. There are many factors that distinguish the current NCS and previous control with communications. Two of them are the most significant: 1) in the previous control with communications, the network is specialized and dedicated for the timeliness of information exchange and stability of process operation, while in the current NCS the network is general-purpose and public for various irrelevant yet concurrent applications, and thus real-time communication and stable operation are no longer ensured and 2) the functionality of the NCS from the previous to current has been diversified tremendously, from pure control to a variety of control and management or administrative functions, ranging from resource allocation, event scheduling, to task organization, etc., involving concept and methods from control and communication engineering, operations research, computer science, and management science. Demands on diversity, complexity, and real-time performance for networked operations have brought new technological challenges to NCS. Today, many fundamental questions regarding the stability of interconnected dynamical systems, the effects of communication on the performance of control systems, etc., remain open and to be answered. Even from the perspective of control aspect alone, we need to think about what the new direction for research and application in this age of connected world would be. One potential …