From rapid to delayed and remote postconditioning: the evolving concept of ischemic postconditioning in brain ischemia.
From rapid to delayed and remote postconditioning: the evolving concept of ischemic postconditioning in brain ischemia.
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DOI：
10.2174/138945012799201621
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发表时间：
2012-02
影响因子：
3.2
通讯作者：
Shen J
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Zhao H;Ren C;Chen X;Shen J
缺血后适应是一个概念，最初是为了与缺血预处理形成对比而定义的。虽然预处理和后适应都对脑缺血具有神经保护作用，但预处理是在脑缺血之前进行的亚致死损伤，而后适应通常指的是在缺血/再灌注后进行的一系列短暂的血管闭塞和再灌注。在这篇文章中，我们首先简要回顾了预处理的历史，包括最初发现其神经保护作用和后来揭示其潜在作用机制的实验。然后，我们讨论了预处理研究如何演变为后适应研究-一个现在代表广泛刺激或触发的概念，包括延迟后适应，药理学后适应，远程后适应-及其涉及Akt， MAPK， PKC和KATP通道细胞信号通路的潜在保护机制。由于后条件作用的概念与前条件作用的概念密切相关，并且两者具有一些共同的保护机制，因此我们还讨论了前条件作用和后条件作用的组合是否比单独的前条件作用或后条件作用提供更大的保护。
Ischemic postconditioning is a concept originally defined to contrast with that of ischemic preconditioning. While both preconditioning and postconditioning confer a neuroprotective effect on brain ischemia, preconditioning is a sublethal insult performed in advance of brain ischemia, and postconditioning, which conventionally refers to a series of brief occlusions and reperfusions of the blood vessels, is conducted after ischemia/reperfusion. In this article, we first briefly review the history of preconditioning, including the experimentation that initially uncovered its neuroprotective effects and later revealed its underlying mechanisms-of-action. We then discuss how preconditioning research evolved into that of postconditioning – a concept that now represents a broad range of stimuli or triggers, including delayed postconditioning, pharmacological postconditioning, remote postconditioning – and its underlying protective mechanisms involving the Akt, MAPK, PKC and KATP channel cell-signaling pathways. Because the concept of postconditioning is so closely associated with that of preconditioning, and both share some common protective mechanisms, we also discuss whether a combination of preconditioning and postconditioning offers greater protection than preconditioning or postconditioning alone.