Life-history theory and risky drinking
Life-history theory and risky drinking
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DOI：
10.1046/j.1360-0443.2002.00020.x
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发表时间：
2002-04-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Chow, K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Hill, EM;Chow, K
目的 生命史理论是与进化生物学和行为生态学相关的主要理论，用于分析酒精滥用和依赖的模式。生活史方法研究了生殖竞争的强度如何影响冒险的收益和成本，年轻男性的收益和成本通常比女性或年长男性更大。我们使用这个框架来预测危险饮酒模式的人口变化，假设它们反映了一般的冒险行为。设计本文是对危险饮酒和酒精依赖的人口统计模式的文献综述。预测是通过风险承担的进化分析来生成的。回顾了现有的饮酒行为调查，并将调查结果与预测进行了比较。研究结果 结果总体上与预测一致。男性、年轻群体、单身婚姻状况、无子女父母状况或环境资源不稳定的人，危险饮酒和依赖的频率较高。一个例外是教育程度的影响，这种影响是不一致的。 结论 与其他形式的身体冒险一样，危险饮酒行为在年轻男性中更为常见，并且在环境不稳定程度较高的地方，这种行为也会增加。将生活史理论的实用性与危险饮酒和依赖性的替代概念进行了比较。探讨了这一观点对研究和临床工作的影响。
Aims Life-history theory, a major theory related to evolutionary biology and behavioral ecology, is applied to analyze patterns in alcohol abuse and dependence. The life-history approach examines how intensity of reproductive competition affects the benefits and costs of risk-taking, which are typically greater for young men than for women or older men. We used this framework to predict demographic variation in hazardous patterns of alcohol use, assuming that they reflect risk-taking in general.Design This paper is a review of literature on demographic patterns in risky drinking and alcohol dependence. Predictions are generated using evolutionary analysis of risk-taking. Existing surveys of drinking behavior are reviewed, and findings are compared to predictions. Findings Results were generally consistent with predictions. The frequency of risky drinking and dependence is higher for men, and people of younger age, single marital status, childless parental status or unstable environmental resources. An exception is the effect of educational attainment, which is inconsistent.Conclusions Risky drinking behavior, as with other forms of physical risk-taking, is more frequently observed in young men, and it increases where environmental instability is higher. The utility of life-history theory is compared to alternate conceptions of risky drinking and dependence. Implications of this perspective for research and clinical efforts are explored.