An investigation of the relationship between psychopathy and greater gray matter density in lateral prefrontal cortex.
An investigation of the relationship between psychopathy and greater gray matter density in lateral prefrontal cortex.
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DOI：
10.1017/pen.2019.8
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发表时间：
2019-01-01
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
DeWall, C Nathan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lasko, Emily N;Chester, David S;DeWall, C Nathan
精神病态特征使个体倾向于反社会行为。这种对抗行为往往导致“不成功”的结果，如监禁。是什么机制让一些具有相对较高水平的精神病特征的人过着“成功的”、非监禁的生活，尽管他们有反社会倾向？使用神经影像学，我们调查的可能性，“成功的”精神病患者表现出更大的发展，促进“成功的”自我调节的神经结构，集中在腹外侧前额叶皮层（VLPFC）。在两个结构磁共振成像研究的“成功”的参与者（研究1：N = 80人在长期的浪漫关系;研究2：N = 64名本科生），我们观察到，灰质密度在左侧和右侧VLPFC与精神病特征呈正相关。这些初步结果支持了一种精神病的补偿模型，即“成功的”精神病患者发展出抑制机制来补偿他们的反社会倾向。强调缺陷的传统精神病模型可能会得到这种补偿模型的帮助，这种补偿模型可以识别神经和心理过程中的过度行为。
Psychopathic traits predispose individuals toward antisocial behavior. Such antagonistic acts often result in "unsuccessful" outcomes such as incarceration. What mechanisms allow some people with relatively high levels of psychopathic traits to live "successful", unincarcerated lives, in spite of their antisocial tendencies? Using neuroimaging, we investigated the possibility that "successful" psychopathic individuals exhibited greater development of neural structures that promote "successful" self-regulation, focusing on the ventrolateral prefrontal cortex (VLPFC). Across two structural magnetic resonance imaging studies of "successful" participants (Study 1: N = 80 individuals in long-term romantic relationships; Study 2: N = 64 undergraduates), we observed that gray matter density in the left and right VLPFC was positively associated with psychopathic traits. These preliminary results support a compensatory model of psychopathy, in which "successful" psychopathic individuals develop inhibitory mechanisms to compensate for their antisocial tendencies. Traditional models of psychopathy that emphasize deficits may be aided by such compensatory models that identify surfeits in neural and psychological processes.