Behavioral factors associated with disease, injury, and death among men: evidence and implications for prevention.
Behavioral factors associated with disease, injury, and death among men: evidence and implications for prevention.
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DOI：
10.3149/jmh.0103.281
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发表时间：
2002-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Courtenay, W. H.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Courtenay, W. H.
在美国，男性患有更严重的慢性病，所有15种主要死因的死亡率都更高，而且比女性年轻6岁以上。为了解释这些差异，这篇综述总结了最近的证据，即行为上的性别差异显著影响健康和寿命。根据大型研究、国家数据和荟萃分析，它系统地表明，所有年龄段的男性比女性更有可能从事30多种增加疾病、受伤和死亡风险的行为。这些发现提供了令人信服的证据，表明男性最大的健康风险是可以预防的，并表明不良健康行为经常在男性中共存。讨论了这一综述对未来研究和男性干预措施设计的影响。
Men in the United States suffer more severe chronic conditions, have higher death rates for all 15 leading causes of death, and die more than six years younger than women. In an attempt to explain these differences, this review summarizes recent evidence of gender differences in behaviours that significantly influence health and longevity. Drawing upon large studies, national data, and meta-analyses, it systematically demonstrates that males of all ages are more likely than females to engage in over 30 behaviours that increase the risk of disease, injury, and death. These findings provide compelling evidence that men's greatest health risks are preventable and indicate that poor health behaviours frequently co-occur among men. The implications of this review for future research and for the design of interventions with men are discussed.