A very luminous jet from the disruption of a star by a massive black hole-猫眼课题宝

DOI：

10.1038/s41586-022-05465-8

发表时间：

2022-11

期刊：

Nature

影响因子：

64.8

通讯作者：

中科院分区：

综合性期刊1区

文献类型：

作者：

I. Andreoni;M. Coughlin;D. Perley;Yuhan Yao;Wenbin Lu;S. Cenko;H. Kumar;S. Anand;A. Ho;M. Kasliwal;A. de Ugarte Postigo;Ana Sagués-Carracedo;S. Schulze;D. A. Kann;S. Kulkarni;J. Sollerman;N. Tanvir;A. Rest;L. Izzo;J. Somalwar;David L. Kaplan;T. Ahumada;G. Anupama;K. Auchettl;S. Barway;E. Bellm;V. Bhalerao;J. Bloom;M. Bremer;M. Bulla;E. Burns;S. Campana;P. Chandra;P. Charalampopoulos;J. Cooke;V. D’Elia;K. Das;D. Dobie;José Feliciano Agüí Fernández;J. Freeburn;C. Fremling;S. Gezari;S. Goode;M. Graham;E. Hammerstein;V. Karambelkar;C. Kilpatrick;E. Kool;M. Krips;R. Laher;G. Leloudas;A. Levan;M. Lundquist;A. Mahabal;M. Medford;M. Miller;A. Möller;K. Mooley;A. Nayana;G. Nir;P. T. Pang;E. Paraskeva;R. Perley;G. Petitpas;M. Pursiainen;V. Ravi;R. Ridden-Harper;R. Riddle;M. Rigault;Antonio C. Rodriguez;B. Rusholme;Y. Sharma;I. A. Smith;R. D. Stein;C. Thöne;A. Tohuvavohu;F. Valdes;J. van Roestel;S. Vergani;Qinan Wang;Jielai Zhang

潮汐破裂事件（TDEs）是当星系中心的超大质量黑洞猛烈地破坏一颗过近的星星时释放的电磁能量爆发。TDE提供了一个窗口，通过它来研究超大质量黑洞的吸积;在一些罕见的情况下，这种吸积导致发射相对论喷流，-，但必要的条件还没有完全理解。到目前为止，研究得最好的喷射TDE是Swift J1644+57，它是在γ射线中发现的，但由于尘埃太模糊，无法在可见光波段看到。在这里，我们报告的光学探测AT 2022 cmc，一个迅速衰落的源在宇宙学距离（redshiftz= 1.19325）的独特的光变曲线，其中过渡到一个发光的高原天内。在其他波长，包括X射线，亚毫米波和无线电，一个明亮的对应物的观测支持AT 2022 cmc的解释，作为一个喷射的TDE包含同步“余辉”，可能是由一个超大质量黑洞发射的自旋大于约0.3。利用4年的Zwicky瞬变观测数据，我们计算了基于发光、快速衰减的红色分量的轴上喷流TDEs的速率为Gpc − 3 yr − 1，从而提供了一种测量方法，补充了X射线和射电观测得出的速率。校正光束角效应后，这一比率证实了大约1%的TDE具有相对论喷流。光学测量可以使用AT 2022 cmc作为原型，以揭示喷射的TDE的种群。

Tidal disruption events (TDEs) are bursts of electromagnetic energy that are released when supermassive black holes at the centres of galaxies violently disrupt a star that passes too close. TDEs provide a window through which to study accretion onto supermassive black holes; in some rare cases, this accretion leads to launching of a relativistic jet, , , , , , –, but the necessary conditions are not fully understood. The best-studied jetted TDE so far is Swift J1644+57, which was discovered in γ-rays, but was too obscured by dust to be seen at optical wavelengths. Here we report the optical detection of AT2022cmc, a rapidly fading source at cosmological distance (redshiftz= 1.19325) the unique light curve of which transitioned into a luminous plateau within days. Observations of a bright counterpart at other wavelengths, including X-ray, submillimetre and radio, supports the interpretation of AT2022cmc as a jetted TDE containing a synchrotron ‘afterglow’, probably launched by a supermassive black hole with spin greater than approximately 0.3. Using four years of Zwicky Transient Facility survey data, we calculate a rate ofGpc−3yr−1for on-axis jetted TDEs on the basis of the luminous, fast-fading red component, thus providing a measurement complementary to the rates derived from X-ray and radio observations. Correcting for the beaming angle effects, this rate confirms that approximately 1 per cent of TDEs have relativistic jets. Optical surveys can use AT2022cmc as a prototype to unveil a population of jetted TDEs.

A very luminous jet from the disruption of a star by a massive black hole

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