Speciation and Patterns of Diversity
Speciation and Patterns of Diversity
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DOI：
10.1093/sysbio/syq014
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发表时间：
2010-05
影响因子：
6.5
通讯作者：
F. Bokma
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
F. Bokma
作者：Jon R. Bridle，and Dolph Schluter，editors.纽约：剑桥大学出版社，2009年。xi+ 333页。ISBN 978-0-521-70963-7。35英镑，63美元（平装本）。ISBN 978-0-521-88318-4。75英镑，135美元（精装本）。去年在我的大学赢得部门观鸟比赛的团队在6个小时的密集搜索中，在汽车辅助下找到了32个物种-即使对于一个有经验的眼睛来说，在寒冷的冬天，在64 ° N的天气里，这也是一个很好的分数。相比之下，热带地区拥有数量惊人的物种。所以，当我给本科生讲授进化生物学时，总会有学生问是什么“实际上”导致了物种丰富度的差异--通常是漫不经心的，甚至羞于问这样一个众所周知的模式，认为他应该知道答案。因为我研究物种形成、灭绝和分布的模型，我不好意思诚实地回答：“我不知道。”我教学生各种过程，可以塑造生物多样性模式：物种形成，灭绝，范围转移，以及如何现在和历史，生物和非生物因素可以直接或间接地影响物种在地球上的分布;然而，我不能回答为什么大多数物种在热带地区发现。幸运的是，我可以放心，我不是唯一一个不知道答案，但想知道它的人。这本新编辑的卷，物种形成和多样性模式，代表了英国生态学会（BES）2007年年度研讨会的会议记录：“物种形成和生态学”。那次会议的动机，因此也是这本书被审查的动机，是2002年BES关于宏观生态学的会议，组织者认为大规模生物多样性模式是由3个关键过程形成的：物种形成，灭绝和范围转移。在2002年的会议上，关于物种形成的讨论相对较少，因此2007年会议的目的是关注物种形成在塑造生物多样性模式中的作用。因此，根据编辑的说法：“我们在这本书中的目的是研究这一论点，即物种形成的机制和速度是生物多样性模式的关键决定因素”，“这本书......旨在促进各学科之间的交流，以促进这一探索。”
Butlin, Jon R. Bridle, and Dolph Schluter, editors. New York: Cambridge University Press, 2009. xi+ 333 pp. ISBN 978-0-521-70963-7.£ 35.00, $63 (paperback). ISBN 978-0-521-88318-4.£ 75.00, $135 (hardback). The team that won the departmental birding contest at my university this past year counted 32 species during a 6-h intensive, car-aided search—a good score even for an experienced eye on a cold winter day at 64◦ N. Compared with that, the tropics harbor an incredible number of species. So, when I teach undergraduate evolutionary biology, there will always be a student asking what “actually” causes that difference in species richness—often casually, or even ashamed of asking about such a well-known pattern, presuming that (s) he ought to have known the answer. Because I research models of speciation, extinction, and distribution of species, I feel embarrassed to honestly answer:“I don’t know.” I teach the students about various processes that could shape biodiversity patterns: speciation, extinction, range shifts, and how present and historical, biotic and abiotic factors could directly or indirectly affect the distribution of species over the earth; and yet, I cannot answer why most species are found in the tropics. Fortunately, I can rest assured that I am not the only one who does not know the answer but would like to know it.This new edited volume, Speciation and patterns of diversity, represents the proceedings of the 2007 annual symposium of the British Ecological Society (BES):“Speciation and Ecology.” The incentive for that meeting, and hence for the book being reviewed, was the 2002 BES meeting on macroecology, where the organizers argued that large-scale biodiversity patterns are shaped by 3 key processes: speciation, extinction, and range shifts. At the 2002 conference, there was relatively little discussion about speciation, and so the intention of the 2007 meeting was to focus on the role of speciation in shaping patterns of biodiversity. Hence, according to the editors:“our intention in this volume is to examine the thesis that mechanisms and rates of speciation are key determinants of biodiversity patterns” and “this volume... aims to foster communication among the various disciplines that can contribute to this exploration.”