Reflections on phonological bootstrapping: Its role for lexical and syntactic acquisition
Reflections on phonological bootstrapping: Its role for lexical and syntactic acquisition
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DOI：
10.1080/016909697386637
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发表时间：
1997-10-01
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影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Van Ooyen, B
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Christophe, A;Guasti, T;Van Ooyen, B
“语音自举”是一种假设，即对语音信号进行纯粹的语音分析可能会使婴儿开始习得其母语的词汇和句法（Morgan & Demuth，1996 a）为了评估这一假设，第一步是通过在没有任何先验信息的情况下进行的语音输入的音位分析来估计提供了多少信息（语言特定的）知识在其他领域，如语法或语义。我们首先回顾现有的工作，婴儿可能会开始收购的词汇依赖于分布的语音，语音，典型的词形和韵律边界线索。总之，这些信息源可以使婴儿学习他们母语中合理数量的单词的声音模式。然后，我们专注于句法习得和讨论如何婴儿可能会设置一个主要的结构句法参数，头部方向参数，通过听语音短语内的突出，他们拥有任何单词。接下来，我们讨论了婴儿可能希望早期获得功能词，以及这些知识将如何帮助词汇分割和习得，以及句法分析和习得。然后，我们提出了一个词汇和句法的语音自举模型，帮助我们说明问题之间的一致性。一些信息来源似乎对不止一个目的有用;例如，语音短语和功能词可能有助于词汇分割以及分割成句法短语和标记（NP，VP等）。虽然我们的模型直接来自我们的反思收购，我们认为，它也可能是足够的成人语音处理的模型。由于成年人允许更多的各种实验范式，我们的方法的一个优点是，特定的假设可以在两个人群中进行测试。我们说明这方面的文件，在最后一节中，我们提出了一个成人实验的结果表明，韵律边界和功能词在连续语音处理中发挥了重要作用。
"Phonological bootstrapping" is the hypothesis that a purely phonological analysis of the speech signal may allow infants to start acquiring the lexicon and syntax of their native language (Morgan & Demuth, 1996a) To assess this hypothesis, a first step is to estimate how much information is provided by a phonological analysis of the speech input conducted in the absence of any prior (language-specific) knowledge in other domains such as syntax or semantics. We first review existing work on how babies may start acquiring a lexicon by relying on distributional regularities, phonotactics, typical word shape and prosodic boundary cues. Taken together, these sources of information may enable babies to learn the sound pattern of a reasonable number of the words in their native language. We then focus on syntax acquisition and discuss how babies may set one of the major structural syntactic parameters, the head direction parameter, by listening to prominence within phonological phrases and before they possess any words. Next, we discuss how babies may hope to acquire function words early, and how this knowledge would help lexical segmentation and acquisition, as well as syntactic analysis and acquisition.We then present a model of phonological bootstrapping of the lexicon and syntax that helps us to illustrate the congruence between problems. Some sources of information appear to be useful for more than one purpose; for example, phonological phrases and function words may help lexical segmentation as well as segmentation into syntactic phrases and labelling (NP, VP, etc.). Although our model derives directly from our reflection on acquisition, we argue that it may also be adequate as a model of adult speech processing. Since adults allow a greater variety of experimental paradigms, an advantage of our approach is that specific hypotheses can be tested on both populations. We illustrate this aspect in the final section of the paper, where we present the results of an adult experiment which indicates that prosodic boundaries and function words play an important role in continuous speech processing.