Haploids Obtained from Diploid×Triploid Crosses of Citrus
Haploids Obtained from Diploid×Triploid Crosses of Citrus
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从柑橘二倍体×三倍体杂交获得的单倍体
DOI：
10.2503/jjshs.62.89
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发表时间：
1993
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. Kobayashi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
I. Oiyama;S. Kobayashi
将四个单胚二倍体 (2n=18) 柑橘品种和杂交种与三倍体 (2n=27) 杂交种杂交。在成熟时从所有杂交的每个果实中收集种子，并且完全发育的种子发芽。幼苗具有多个倍性水平。虽然大多数是二倍体，但也有一些是单倍体、非整倍体、三倍体或四倍体。在两个杂交组合中观察到单倍体植物：Clementine 中 116 株幼苗中的两株，“Lee”中 54 株中的一株。单倍体和二倍体胚胎的大小没有差异。单倍体胚正常萌发，初生根有力伸长。然而，移植到土壤中的单倍体植物生长非常弱。对核核糖体 DNA 和叶绿体 DNA 进行限制性内切酶分析以确定单倍体的起源。这三种单倍体植物具有种子亲本特有的 rDNA 和 cpDNA 片段，但没有花粉亲本特有的片段。这一发现表明这些单倍体植物是母本起源的。
Four monoembryonic diploid (2n=18) citrus cultivars and hybrids were crossed with a triploid (2n=27) hybrid. Seeds were collected from each fruit of all crosses at maturity, and fully developed seeds were germinated. The seedlings had several ploidy levels. While most of them were diploid, some were haploid, aneuploid, triploid or tetraploid. The haploid plants were observed in two cross combinations : two seedlings out of 116 in Clementine and one out of 54 in 'Lee'. There was no difference in size between haploid and diploid embryos. Haploid embryos germinated normally and their primary roots elongated vigorously. Haploid plants transplanted to soil, however, grew very weakly. Restriction endonuclease analyses of nuclear ribosomal DNA and of chloroplast DNA were performed to determine the origin of the haploids. These three haploid plants had rDNA and cpDNA fragments specific to the seed parent, but no fragments specific to the pollen parent. This finding indicates that these haploid plants are of maternal origin.