Prevalence of eye diseases and causes of visual impairment in school-aged children in Western China.
Prevalence of eye diseases and causes of visual impairment in school-aged children in Western China.
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DOI：
10.2188/jea.je20110063
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发表时间：
2012
影响因子：
4.7
通讯作者：
Yin ZQ
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Pi LH;Chen L;Liu Q;Ke N;Fang J;Zhang S;Xiao J;Ye WJ;Xiong Y;Shi H;Zhou XY;Yin ZQ
本研究调查了中国西部学龄儿童屈光不正、视力障碍和眼病的患病率。调查在中国西部的一个代表县（重庆市永川区）进行。采用整群随机抽样方法，选择6 ~ 15岁儿童。我们进行了挨家挨户的调查和眼科检查，包括验光，立体视觉测试，眼位和眼动，裂隙灯检查的眼前段，视网膜检影镜检查，眼底检查后，1%环喷托酯睫状肌麻痹。在3469名儿童中，3079名（88.76%）有数据。眼病患病率由高到低依次为屈光不正（20.69%; 637/3079），结膜炎（11.76%; 362/3079），弱视（1.88%; 58/3079），色觉缺陷（0.52%; 16/3079），角膜炎斜视（0.29%; 9/3079）、白内障（0.23%; 7/3079）、病理性近视（0.19%; 6/3079）和眼外伤（0.13%; 4/3079）。角膜白斑、角膜葡萄肿、视神经病变、黄斑变性和有髓神经纤维的患病率各为0.03%（1/3079）。视力损害患病率为7.70%（237/3079），未矫正屈光不正是视力损害的主要原因弱视（9.70%，23/237），病理性近视（1.27%，3/237），先天性白内障（0.42%，1/237），其他（2.11%，5/237）。在中国西部欠发达地区学龄儿童中，屈光不正是最常见的眼部疾病，未矫正的屈光不正是视力损害的主要原因。
The present study investigated the prevalence of refractive error, visual impairment, and eye diseases in school-aged children in western China. The survey was done in a representative county (Yongchuan District, Chongqing Municipality) of western China. Cluster random sampling was used to select children aged 6 to 15 years. We conducted door-to-door surveys and eye examinations including optometry, stereoscopic vision test, eye position and eye movement, slit lamp examination of the anterior segment, retinoscopy, and fundus examination after cycloplegia with 1% cyclopentolate. Among 3469 children, data were available for 3079 (88.76%). The prevalences of eye diseases were, in descending order, refractive error (20.69%; 637/3079), conjunctivitis (11.76%; 362/3079), amblyopia (1.88%; 58/3079), color vision defect (0.52%; 16/3079), keratitis (0.36%; 11/3079), strabismus (0.29%; 9/3079), cataract (0.23%; 7/3079), pathologic myopia (0.19%; 6/3079), and ocular trauma (0.13%; 4/3079). The prevalence of corneal leucoma, corneal staphyloma, optic neuropathy, macular degeneration, and myelinated nerve fibers was 0.03% (1/3079) for each. The prevalence of visual impairment was 7.70% (237/3079), and the major causes of visual impairment were uncorrected refractive error (86.08%; 204/237), amblyopia (9.70%; 23/237), pathologic myopia (1.27%; 3/237), congenital cataract (0.42%; 1/237), and others (2.11%; 5/237). Among school-aged children in a less developed area of western China, refractive error was the most prevalent eye disorder, and uncorrected refractive error was the main cause of visual impairment.