Tonal Structure versus Function: Studies of the Recognition of Harmonic Motion
Tonal Structure versus Function: Studies of the Recognition of Harmonic Motion
复制标题
音调结构与功能：和谐运动识别的研究
DOI：
10.2307/40285279
复制
发表时间：
1984
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Helen Brown
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
D. Butler;Helen Brown
两项实证研究确定并测试了动态线索在帮助听者识别音调中心方面的优势。假设是罕见的音程，而不是音调的物理特性或静态表征，如音阶和三和弦，在音乐家的关键识别感知过程中起着重要作用，导致了第一个关于调性感知的背景充分性的实验研究。音乐家根据大调全音阶子集的听觉表现推断出音调中心，平均准确率为87%。一价三弦比多价三弦对音调中心的指示清晰100%。通过检查时间排序的影响和评估正式训练与测试分数之间的关系，进一步探讨了调性感知的强度。在第二个实验中，听者在听到由大调中最罕见的三全音和两个小调秒音组成的成对音程后，判断音调中心的适当性。当三全音作为同时音被听到时，听者对音调中心的印象最为强烈。测试结果显示，与听众作为音乐家或非音乐家的身份相比，听众识别实际音乐中音调中心的能力与测试结果的相关性更强。这些结果被解释为一种广泛的认知技能的证据，该技能将调性解释为音调关系的系统，而不仅仅是音调的抽象集合或由音调的心理物理属性控制的系统。
Two empirical studies identified and tested strengths of dynamic cues that assist listeners in identifying tonal centers. The hypothesis that it is rare intervals, rather than physical properties of tones or static representations such as scales and triads, that play a significant role in a musician's perceptual process of key identification led to the first experimental study of context sufficiency in perception of tonality. Musicians extrapolated tonal centers upon aural presentation of subsets of a major diatonic set with an accuracy mean of 87%. Univalent trichords gave 100% clearer indication of tonal center than did multivalent trichords. The strength of the tonality percept was further explored by examining effects of temporal ordering and by evaluating relationships between formal training and test scores. In a second experiment, listeners judged appropriateness of tonal centers after hearing paired dyads consisting of the rarest intervals in the major set: the tritone and the two minor seconds. Listeners indicated strongest impressions of tonal center when the tritone was heard as a simultaneity. Test performance showed a stronger correlation with listeners' abilities to identify tonal centers in actual music than with listeners' status as musicians or nonmusicians. These results are interpreted as evidence of a widespread cognitive skill that interprets tonality as a system of tonal relations rather than just an abstracted collection of tones or a system governed by the psychophysical attributes of tones.