Smokers who report smoking but do not consider themselves smokers: a phenomenon in need of further attention
Smokers who report smoking but do not consider themselves smokers: a phenomenon in need of further attention
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DOI：
10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2013-051400
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发表时间：
2015-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
Al-Delaimy, Wael K.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Leas, Eric C.;Zablocki, Rong W.;Al-Delaimy, Wael K.
背景围绕吸烟行为的污名的增加可能会降低从事吸烟的个人认同“吸烟者”标签的可能性。未识别的吸烟者(NIS)可能会破坏准确的吸烟率估计，并可能被烟草控制努力忽视。目的我们试图在一项横断面研究中描述NIS的特征，该研究使用了加利福尼亚州成年人口(18岁)的样本，这些人报告在他们的一生中至少吸烟100支，至少有几天在过去30天中至少吸烟一次(n=1698)。当被问及是否认为自己是吸烟者时，符合上述标准的个人被视为NIS。结果我们估计2011年加州有395 928人(SD=54 126)NIS(占加州所有吸烟者的12.3%)。与每日吸烟者相比，既有每日吸烟者(调整后OR=7.63，95%CI为2.67~21.8)或从未每日吸烟者(AOR=7.14，CI 2.78~18.3)的非每日吸烟者发生NIS的几率更高。不认为自己吸烟成瘾(AOR=3.84，CI 1.68~9.22)、65岁以上(AOR=3.35，CI 1.16~9.75)、非西班牙裔白人(AOR=3.16，CI 1.19~8.49)、65岁以上(AOR=3.35，CI 1.16~9.75)的吸烟者患NIS的几率也较高。NIS可能需要有针对性的干预措施，包括教育医疗保健提供者更深入地了解吸烟习惯。
Background Heightened stigma surrounding the action of smoking may decrease the likelihood that individuals who engage in smoking identify with the label 'smoker'. Non-identifying smokers (NIS) may undermine accurate smoking prevalence estimates and can be overlooked by tobacco control efforts.Objective We sought to characterise NIS in a cross-sectional study using a sample representative of the population of adults (> 18 years) in California who reported smoking at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime, smoking at least some days and at least once in the last 30 days (n=1698). Individuals were considered NIS if they met the above criteria and answered 'no' when asked if they 'considered themselves a smoker'.Results We estimate that 395 928 (SD=54 126) NIS were living in California in 2011 (a prevalence of 12.3% of all smokers in California). The odds of being NIS were higher among non-daily smokers who were previously daily smokers (adjusted OR (AOR)=7.63, 95% CI 2.67 to 21.8) or were never previously daily smokers (AOR=7.14, CI 2.78 to 18.3) compared with daily smokers. The odds of being an NIS were also higher among those who did not believe they were addicted to cigarettes (AOR=3.84, CI 1.68 to 9.22), were older than 65 years (vs less than 45 years) (AOR= 3.35, CI 1.16 to 9.75) or were from ethnic minorities including Black and Asian (vs non-Hispanic white) (AOR=3.16, CI 1.19 to 8.49).Conclusions Smoking surveillance should restructure selection criteria to more accurately account for NIS in areas with high stigma toward smokers. Targeted interventions may be needed for NIS including educating healthcare providers to enquire more deeply into smoking habits.