Exocytosis in Islet β-Cells
Exocytosis in Islet β-Cells
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DOI：
10.1007/978-90-481-3271-3_14
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Takahashi, Noriko
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kasai, Haruo;Hatakeyama, Hiroyasu;Takahashi, Noriko
允许对β细胞胞吐作用进行实时光学成像的技术的发展极大地提高了我们对胰岛素分泌的理解。特别是，双光子成像使研究人员能够可视化含有来自完整朗格汉斯岛中β细胞的胰岛素的大密核囊泡（LDCV）的胞吐作用。这些研究表明，高葡萄糖水平会诱导胰岛素分泌的两个阶段，并且这种释放取决于胞质 Ca2+ 和 cAMP。这项技术还可以检查这些组织中胰岛素胞吐作用的空间分布，并将该分布与其他分泌腺的分布进行比较。这些研究发现了 β 细胞中突触样微泡 (SLMV) 的大量胞吐作用。这些成像研究还有助于阐明胰岛素胞吐作用的各个方面，而这些方面无法使用当前可用的电生理技术来正确解决。本章为那些希望表征朗格汉斯岛β细胞胞吐作用的研究人员提供了光学成像领域的简要介绍。
The development of technologies that allow for live optical imaging of exocytosis from beta-cells has greatly improved our understanding of insulin secretion. Two-photon imaging, in particular, has enabled researchers to visualize the exocytosis of large dense-core vesicles (LDCVs) containing insulin from beta-cells in intact islets of Langerhans. These studies have revealed that high glucose levels induce two phases of insulin secretion and that this release is dependent upon cytosolic Ca2+ and cAMP. This technology has also made it possible to examine the spatial profile of insulin exocytosis in these tissues and compare that profile with those of other secretory glands. Such studies have led to the discovery of the massive exocytosis of synaptic-like microvesicles (SLMVs) in beta-cells. These imaging studies have also helped clarify facets of insulin exocytosis that cannot be properly addressed using the currently available electrophysiological techniques. This chapter provides a concise introduction to the field of optical imaging for those researchers who wish to characterize exocytosis from beta-cells in the islets of Langerhans.