Domestic Wastewater Treatment as a Net Energy Producer-Can This be Achieved?
Domestic Wastewater Treatment as a Net Energy Producer-Can This be Achieved?
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DOI：
10.1021/es2014264
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发表时间：
2011-09-01
影响因子：
11.4
通讯作者：
Kim, Jeonghwan
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
McCarty, Perry L.;Bae, Jaeho;Kim, Jeonghwan
为了在水资源管理方面寻求更大的可持续性，废水现在被更多地视为一种资源而不是废物——一种水、植物养分和能源的资源。本文主要关注的能源可以从废水的有机和热含量中获得。此外，利用废水中的氮和磷养分为植物施肥，而不是浪费它们，有助于抵消生产合成肥料的高能源成本。微生物燃料电池提供了将废水中的有机物质直接生物转化为电能的潜力，尽管这一过程需要进行重大改进，以与将废水中的有机物转化为沼气的厌氧生物转化竞争，沼气是一种用于发电的可再生燃料。较新的膜工艺与废水的完全厌氧处理相结合，为废水处理提供了成为能源净生成器的潜力，而不是像今天这样的能源消耗大户。
In seeking greater sustainability in water resources management, wastewater is now being considered more as a resource than as a waste-a resource for water, for plant nutrients, and for energy. Energy, the primary focus of this article, can be obtained from wastewater's organic as well as from its thermal content. Also, using wastewater's nitrogen and P nutrients for plant fertilization, rather than wasting them, helps offset the high energy cost of producing synthetic fertilizers. Microbial fuel cells offer potential for direct biological conversion of wastewater's organic materials into electricity, although significant improvements are needed for this process to be competitive with anaerobic biological conversion of wastewater organics into biogas, a renewable fuel used in electricity generation. Newer membrane processes coupled with complete anaerobic treatment of wastewater offer the potential for wastewater treatment to become a net generator of energy, rather than the large energy consumer that it is today.