Examining Potential School Contextual Influences on Gambling Among High School Youth
Examining Potential School Contextual Influences on Gambling Among High School Youth
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DOI：
10.1111/j.1521-0391.2014.12142.x
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发表时间：
2014-09-01
影响因子：
3.7
通讯作者：
Bradshaw, Catherine P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Lee, Grace P.;Martins, Silvia S.;Bradshaw, Catherine P.
背景和目的：赌博是青少年日益关注的问题，然而，对可能增加赌博风险的学校层面因素的调查有限。本研究旨在探讨青少年药物使用与赌博的关系，并探讨学校环境对青少年赌博的影响。方法：数据来自58所高中的25,456名学生，他们参加了马里兰州安全和支持性学校倡议。收集了青少年关于社会人口统计、终生赌博和过去一个月药物使用（即酒精、香烟、大麻、非医疗处方药）的报告。学校层面的特征包括学生停学率、学生流动性、接受免费/优惠膳食的学生比例、非裔美国学生比例、城市化程度、赌博盛行率、赌博问题盛行率和物质使用盛行率。进行加权多水平分析。结果：三分之一（n = 8,318）的人报告终身赌博，10% （n = 2,580）的全部样本，或31%的赌徒，经历过赌博问题。作为男性，酒精、大麻和非医疗处方药的使用与赌博的几率增加一倍有关。在赌徒中，男性、非裔美国人、香烟、大麻和非医疗处方药的使用与赌博问题的高几率有关。学校层面的停学率和非裔美国人百分比与赌博有最小的负相关；然而，没有一个与赌博问题有关。结论：多层面结果表明，男性青少年和使用物质的青少年更容易赌博和出现赌博问题。科学意义：研究结果表明，有必要制定预防计划，针对危险行为，也针对赌博，因为这类行为经常在青少年中同时发生。
Background and Objectives: Gambling is an increasing concern among adolescence, yet there has been limited investigation into school-level factors that may increase the risk for gambling. The current study examined the relationship between substance use and gambling, and explored the influence of school context on adolescent gambling.Methods: Data come from 25,456 students in 58 high schools participating in the Maryland Safe and Supportive Schools Initiative. Youth-reports of socio-demographics, lifetime gambling, and past-month substance use (ie, alcohol, cigarette, marijuana, non-medical prescription drug) were collected. School-level characteristics were student suspension rate, student mobility, percentage of students receiving free/reduce-priced meals, percentage of African American students, urbanicity, gambling prevalence, gambling problem prevalence, and substance use prevalence. Weighted multilevel analyses were conducted.Results: One-third (n = 8,318) reported lifetime gambling, and 10% (n = 2,580) of the full sample, or 31% of the gamblers, experienced gambling problems. Being male and alcohol, marijuana, and non-medical prescription drug use were associated with twice the odds of gambling. Among gamblers, being male, African American, and cigarette, marijuana, and non-medical prescription drug use were associated with higher odds of gambling problems. The school-level factors of suspension rate and percentage of African American had minimal, inverse associations with gambling; however, none were related to gambling problems.Conclusions: Multilevel results indicated that adolescents that are male and use substances are more likely to gamble and have gambling problems.Scientific Significance: The findings indicate a need for prevention programs targeting risky behaviors to also target gambling as such behaviors often co-occur among adolescents.