High-order species interactions shape ecosystem diversity.
High-order species interactions shape ecosystem diversity.
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DOI：
10.1038/ncomms12285
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发表时间：
2016-08-02
影响因子：
16.6
通讯作者：
Kishony R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bairey E;Kelsic ED;Kishony R
经典理论表明，物种对之间的随机相互作用会破坏大型群落的稳定性，从而产生生态系统多样性的上限。然而，物种间的相互作用通常发生在高阶组合中，两个物种之间的相互作用受到一个或多个其他物种的调节。在这里，通过模拟随机相互作用的社区动态，我们发现，多样性和稳定性之间的经典关系是颠倒的高阶相互作用。更具体地说，虽然随着物种数量的增加，群落对成对相互作用变得更加敏感，但它对三向相互作用的敏感性保持不变，而对四向相互作用的敏感性实际上降低了。因此，虽然成对相互作用导致对物种添加的敏感性，但四向相互作用导致对物种移除的敏感性，并且它们的组合创建了物种数量的下限和上限。这些发现强调了高阶物种相互作用在决定自然生态系统多样性方面的重要性。 理论生态学的一个主要挑战是解释不同的多物种群落的稳定共存。在这里，作者表明，当两个物种之间的相互作用取决于其他物种的存在时，群落的多样性就成为其稳定性的必要条件，而不是障碍。
Classical theory shows that large communities are destabilized by random interactions among species pairs, creating an upper bound on ecosystem diversity. However, species interactions often occur in high-order combinations, whereby the interaction between two species is modulated by one or more other species. Here, by simulating the dynamics of communities with random interactions, we find that the classical relationship between diversity and stability is inverted for high-order interactions. More specifically, while a community becomes more sensitive to pairwise interactions as its number of species increases, its sensitivity to three-way interactions remains unchanged, and its sensitivity to four-way interactions actually decreases. Therefore, while pairwise interactions lead to sensitivity to the addition of species, four-way interactions lead to sensitivity to species removal, and their combination creates both a lower and an upper bound on the number of species. These findings highlight the importance of high-order species interactions in determining the diversity of natural ecosystems. A major challenge of theoretical ecology is explaining the stable coexistence of diverse multi-species communities. Here, the authors show that when the interactions among two species depend on the presence of other species, the diversity of the community becomes a necessity rather than an obstacle for its stability.