Computational methods for chromosome-scale haplotype reconstruction.

Computational methods for chromosome-scale haplotype reconstruction.
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DOI:
10.1186/s13059-021-02328-9
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发表时间:
2021-04-12
期刊:
影响因子:
12.3
通讯作者:
Garg S
Garg S
中科院分区:
生物学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Garg S

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高质量的染色体规模的二倍体基因组、多倍体基因组和元基因组的单倍型序列为研究与疾病和生物多样性相关的遗传变异提供了重要的见解。然而,全基因组短读测序不能直接产生跨越整个染色体的单倍型信息。单倍型重建需要较短单倍型片段的计算组装,由于片段长度有限,以及基因组中单倍型和重复序列的高度可变性,这可能是具有挑战性的。最近在长阅读和染色体规模测序技术方面的进步,加上计算创新,正在改进整个染色体水平上的单倍型重建。在这里,我们回顾并讨论最近在这些领域的方法学进展和前景。网上版载有补充材料,可在10.1186/s13059-021-02328-9查阅。
High-quality chromosome-scale haplotype sequences of diploid genomes, polyploid genomes, and metagenomes provide important insights into genetic variation associated with disease and biodiversity. However, whole-genome short read sequencing does not yield haplotype information spanning whole chromosomes directly. Computational assembly of shorter haplotype fragments is required for haplotype reconstruction, which can be challenging owing to limited fragment lengths and high haplotype and repeat variability across genomes. Recent advancements in long-read and chromosome-scale sequencing technologies, alongside computational innovations, are improving the reconstruction of haplotypes at the level of whole chromosomes. Here, we review recent and discuss methodological progress and perspectives in these areas. The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13059-021-02328-9.
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