Promoting pro-environmental action in climate change deniers
Promoting pro-environmental action in climate change deniers
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DOI：
10.1038/nclimate1532
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发表时间：
2012-08-01
影响因子：
30.7
通讯作者：
Jeffries, Carla
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Bain, Paul G.;Hornsey, Matthew J.;Jeffries, Carla
西方民主国家中有相当大比例（且不断增长）的公众否认人为气候变化的存在(1,2)。人们普遍认为，让否认者相信气候变化是真实存在的，对于他们采取有利于环境的行动来说是必要的(3,4)。然而，利用科学证据进行“转变”的可能性是有限的，因为这些态度越来越反映意识形态立场(5,6)。另一种方法是确定否认者认为重要的缓解努力的结果。人们对社会福祉有着强烈的兴趣，因此否认者可能会以支持缓解努力的方式行事，他们相信这些努力将产生积极的社会影响。在研究 1 中，气候变化否认者 (N = 155) 打算在他们认为气候变化行动将创造一个社会的地方采取更加有利于环境的行动。经济/技术发展程度更高的地方，人们更加体贴和关心他人。研究2（N = 347）通过实验复制了这一点，表明将气候变化行动框架视为增加对他人的考虑，或改善经济/技术发展，比强调避免气候变化风险的框架更能产生更大的环保行动意图。为了激励否认者采取环保行动，沟通应侧重于缓解努力如何促进更美好的社会，而不是关注气候变化的现实并规避其风险。
A sizeable (and growing) proportion of the public in Western democracies deny the existence of anthropogenic climate change(1,2). It is commonly assumed that convincing deniers that climate change is real is necessary for them to act pro-environmentally(3,4). However, the likelihood of 'conversion' using scientific evidence is limited because these attitudes increasingly reflect ideological positions(5,6). An alternative approach is to identify outcomes of mitigation efforts that deniers find important. People have strong interests in the welfare of their society, so deniers may act in ways supporting mitigation efforts where they believe these efforts will have positive societal effects. In Study 1, climate change deniers (N = 155) intended to act more pro-environmentally where they thought climate change action would create a society where. people are more considerate and caring, and where there is greater economic/technological development. Study 2 (N = 347) replicated this experimentally, showing that framing climate change action as increasing consideration for others, or improving economic/technological development, led to greater pro-environmental action intentions than a frame emphasizing avoiding the risks of climate change. To motivate deniers' pro-environmental actions, communication should focus on how mitigation efforts can promote a better society, rather than focusing on the reality of climate change and averting its risks.