Meta-analysis of alcohol price and income elasticities - with corrections for publication bias
Meta-analysis of alcohol price and income elasticities - with corrections for publication bias
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DOI：
10.1186/2191-1991-3-17
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
2.4
通讯作者：
Nelson, Jon P.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nelson, Jon P.
背景资料：本文通过对酒精饮料的价格和收入弹性进行荟萃分析总结，为价格和酒精使用的证据基础做出了贡献。分析改善了以前的荟萃分析，通过校正离群值和出版bias.Methods：调整离群值是很重要的，以避免分配太多的重量非常小的标准误差或大的影响大小的研究。修剪的样品用于此目的。纠正发表偏倚是很重要的，以避免过多地重视反映研究者或其他参与出版过程的人选择的研究。累积荟萃分析被提出作为一种避免或减少发表偏倚的方法，从而获得更可靠的估计。文献检索获得了182个主要研究的总酒精消费量，这超过了数据库中使用的以前的审查和荟萃analysis.Results：对于个别饮料，修正后的价格弹性较小（弹性较低）的28- 29%相比，经常用于酒精饮料的共识平均值。平均价格和收入弹性分别为：啤酒，-0.30和0.50;葡萄酒，-0.45和1.00;烈酒，-0.55和1.00。对于总酒精，价格弹性为-0.50，收入弹性为0.60。结论：这些新的结果意味着，试图通过价格或税收增加来减少酒精消费将比以前声称的效果更差或成本更高。
Background: This paper contributes to the evidence-base on prices and alcohol use by presenting meta-analytic summaries of price and income elasticities for alcohol beverages. The analysis improves on previous meta-analyses by correcting for outliers and publication bias.Methods: Adjusting for outliers is important to avoid assigning too much weight to studies with very small standard errors or large effect sizes. Trimmed samples are used for this purpose. Correcting for publication bias is important to avoid giving too much weight to studies that reflect selection by investigators or others involved with publication processes. Cumulative meta-analysis is proposed as a method to avoid or reduce publication bias, resulting in more robust estimates. The literature search obtained 182 primary studies for aggregate alcohol consumption, which exceeds the database used in previous reviews and meta-analyses.Results: For individual beverages, corrected price elasticities are smaller (less elastic) by 28-29 percent compared with consensus averages frequently used for alcohol beverages. The average price and income elasticities are: beer, -0.30 and 0.50; wine, -0.45 and 1.00; and spirits, -0.55 and 1.00. For total alcohol, the price elasticity is -0.50 and the income elasticity is 0.60.Conclusions: These new results imply that attempts to reduce alcohol consumption through price or tax increases will be less effective or more costly than previously claimed.