Parallel Lives: Intergroup Contact, Threat, and the Segregation of Everyday Activity Spaces
Parallel Lives: Intergroup Contact, Threat, and the Segregation of Everyday Activity Spaces
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DOI：
10.1037/pspi0000191
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发表时间：
2020-03-01
影响因子：
7.6
通讯作者：
Bryan, Dominic
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Dixon, John;Tredoux, Colin;Bryan, Dominic
尽管群体间接触可以减少偏见，但体验这种接触的机会往往受到隔离制度的限制。关于这一问题的工作集中在居住、教育和就业机构内部根深蒂固的分歧上。我们的研究采用了一种互补的方法，将隔离视为个人在日常生活空间中随着时间的推移而移动的结果。以天主教和新教徒在北贝尔法斯特使用公共环境作为案例研究，我们使用GPS跟踪技术，结合GIS分析，探索居民的活动空间使用超过2周的时间地理（研究1）。我们还进行了实地调查，以探讨心理因素如何塑造他们使用自己社区以外的活动空间的意愿（研究2）。基于大约1,000小时的原始运动数据的分析显示，北贝尔法斯特的特点是高度隔离，通过居民有限的使用公共空间，设施和位于外群体地区的途径表示。然而，使用共享空间也很常见，天主教徒在这些空间中花费的时间比新教徒多。结构方程模型表明，居民的自我报告的意愿，使用自己的社区外的活动空间与消极和积极的群体间的接触关系，部分介导的现实威胁，象征性的威胁，并在跨教派线的互动焦虑。这两种接触和现实的威胁也与居民在自己社区以外的空间实际花费的时间有关。机会整合心理学和地理研究的接触和隔离。
Although intergroup contact can reduce prejudice, opportunities to experience such contact are often constrained by systems of segregation. Work on this problem has focused on divisions entrenched within institutions of residence, education, and employment. Our research employed a complementary approach, which treated segregation as the outcome of individuals' movements over time within everyday life spaces. Taking as a case study Catholics' and Protestants' use of public environments in north Belfast, we used GPS tracking technology, combined with GIS analytics, to explore the time geography of residents' activity space use over a 2-week period (Study 1). We also conducted a field survey to explore how psychological factors shaped their willingness to use activity spaces beyond their own communities (Study 2). Analysis based on around 1,000 hr of raw movement data revealed that north Belfast is marked by high levels of segregation, expressed via residents' limited use of public spaces, facilities, and pathways located in outgroup areas. However, use of shared spaces is also common, with Catholics spending more time in such spaces than Protestants. Structural equation modeling suggested that residents' self-reported willingness to use activity spaces outside their own communities was associated with both negative and positive intergroup contact-relationships partially mediated by realistic threat, symbolic threat, and anxiety over interaction across sectarian lines. Both kinds of contact and realistic threat were also associated with the time residents actually spent in spaces beyond their own communities. Opportunities for integrating psychological and geographic research on contact and segregation are highlighted.