Tobacco toxins deposited on surfaces (third hand smoke) impair wound healing
Tobacco toxins deposited on surfaces (third hand smoke) impair wound healing
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DOI：
10.1042/cs20160236
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发表时间：
2016-07-01
期刊：
影响因子：
6
通讯作者：
Martins-Green, Manuela
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Dhall, Sandeep;Alamat, Raquelle;Martins-Green, Manuela
三手烟(THS)是指二手烟(SHS)毒素在家庭、汽车、衣服和吸烟者的头发表面积聚。据了解，美国有8800万住在吸烟者家中的3岁不吸烟者暴露在THS毒物中，血液中可替宁水平为0.05 ng/ml，这表明毒素在他们的循环系统中循环。本研究的目的是探讨THS导致创面愈合障碍的机制。我们发现，生活在模拟人类THS暴露条件下的小鼠表现出伤口闭合延迟、胶原沉积受损、炎症反应改变、血管生成减少、带有纤维蛋白袖带的微血管以及高度蛋白分解的伤口环境。此外，暴露于THS的小鼠伤口具有高水平的氧化应激和显著低水平的抗氧化活性，从而导致分子损伤，包括蛋白质硝化、脂质过氧化和DNA损伤，从而导致组织功能障碍。此外，我们发现弹性酶升高，表明弹性蛋白被降解，伤口组织的可塑性降低。综上所述，我们的结果使我们得出结论，THS毒物通过扰乱导致正常愈合的一系列过程来延迟和损害伤口的愈合。此外，缺乏弹性蛋白导致伤口失去可塑性，这可能是导致伤口重新开放的原因。
Third hand smoke (THS) is the accumulation of second hand smoke (SHS) toxins on surfaces in homes, cars, clothing and hair of smokers. It is known that 88M US nonsmokers >= 3 years old living in homes of smokers are exposed to THS toxicants and show blood cotinine levels of >= 0.05 ng/ml, indicating that the toxins are circulating in their circulatory systems. The goal of the present study is to investigate the mechanisms by which THS causes impaired wound healing. We show that mice living under conditions that mimic THS exposure in humans display delayed wound closure, impaired collagen deposition, altered inflammatory response, decreased angiogenesis, microvessels with fibrin cuffs and a highly proteolytic wound environment. Moreover, THS-exposed mouse wounds have high levels of oxidative stress and significantly lower levels of antioxidant activity leading to molecular damage, including protein nitration, lipid peroxidation and DNA damage that contribute to tissue dysfunction. Furthermore, we show that elastase is elevated, suggesting that elastin is degraded and the plasticity of the wound tissue is decreased. Taken together, our results lead us to conclude that THS toxicants delay and impair wound healing by disrupting the sequential processes that lead to normal healing. In addition, the lack of elastin results in loss of wound plasticity, which may be responsible for reopening of wounds.