Review: autophagy and neurodegeneration: survival at a cost?

Review: autophagy and neurodegeneration: survival at a cost?
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DOI:
10.1111/j.1365-2990.2010.01062.x
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发表时间:
2010-04
影响因子:
5
通讯作者:
Chu CT
Chu CT
中科院分区:
医学2区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Cherra SJ 3rd;Dagda RK;Chu CT

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蛋白质聚集、线粒体损伤和氧化应激是多种神经退行性疾病的共同特征。体内平衡是由一组平衡的合成代谢和分解代谢反应来调节的,这些反应控制着受损蛋白质和细胞器的去除和修复。大自噬是一种进化上保守的降解长寿命蛋白质、衰老细胞器和蛋白质聚集体的途径。在阿尔茨海默病、亨廷顿病、帕金森病、运动神经元病和朊病毒病中已经观察到大自噬的畸变。在这篇综述中,我们将讨论大自噬在神经退行性疾病中的不同作用,并提出一种可能决定细胞死亡或存活结果的潜在调控机制。我们还强调了神经突形态和突触重塑的新数据,这些数据表明,在面对神经元细胞存活时,特别是如果持续需要升高的巨自噬时,可能存在有害的功能权衡。
Protein aggregation, mitochondrial impairment and oxidative stress are common to multiple neurodegenerative diseases. Homeostasis is regulated by a balanced set of anabolic and catabolic responses, which govern removal and repair of damaged proteins and organelles. Macroautophagy is an evolutionarily conserved pathway for the degradation of long-lived proteins, effete organelles and protein aggregates. Aberrations in macroautophagy have been observed in Alzheimer, Huntington, Parkinson, motor neurone and prion diseases. In this review, we will discuss the divergent roles of macroautophagy in neuro-degenerative diseases and suggest a potential regulatory mechanism that could determine cell death or survival outcomes. We also highlight emerging data on neurite morphology and synaptic remodelling that indicate the possibility of detrimental functional trade-offs in the face of neuronal cell survival, particularly if the need for elevated macroautophagy is sustained.
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