Policy, design, and way of life in resettlement projects: The case of Ashrayan, Bangladesh
Policy, design, and way of life in resettlement projects: The case of Ashrayan, Bangladesh
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移民项目中的政策、设计和生活方式：孟加拉国阿什拉扬案例
DOI：
10.1016/j.ijdrr.2022.103073
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发表时间：
2022
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
M. Islam
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
A. Parvin;S. S. Hakim;M. Islam
孟加拉国是数百万因热带气旋、洪水和河岸侵蚀等极端天气事件而流离失所的无地无家可归者的家园。在过去的20年里，国家主导的安置项目已经安置了大约50万人，目标是分阶段再安置近100万人。这些自上而下的倡议被批评为更注重物质结果，对重新安置的人们生活的社会文化和物质空间层面不那么敏感。因此，这些人很难适应他们日常生活经历中新的“设计”的生活环境。由于这种不和谐，开展了为期一学期的建筑设计研究工作室，以制定针对人的具体地点的替代设计方案，重点是流离失所社区的社会文化生活方式、社会空间生活方式和农业生计。借鉴部分设计工作室，本研究采用三阶段多学科研究方法，包括：对最大的政府主导的重新安置项目(Ashrayan)进行批判性评估；探索Ashrayan项目村庄的聚落形态；为河岸侵蚀流离失所的人提出替代重新安置住房设计方案。基于经验研究结果，本研究认为，在政策和设计领域，对于重新安置的意义和过程，特别是人们的生活方式、生活方式和生计，存在着显著的知识差距。这项研究的结果有助于为以知情的方式填补这一空白提供人地敏感的战略指导方针。
Bangladesh is home to millions of landless and homeless people internally displaced by extreme weather events like tropical cyclone, flooding, water surge, and riverbank erosion. State-led resettlement projects have resettled about half a million people in the last two decades with a target to resettle nearly a million more in phases. These top-down initiatives are criticised to be more physical outcome-focused and less sensitive to the socio-cultural and physical-spatial dimensions of the resettled people's life. As a result, these people struggle to cope with the ‘designed’ living environment that is new to their everyday lived experiences. Owing to this discord, a semester-long architectural design-research studio was conducted to develop people-place-specific alternative design schemes focusing on the socio-cultural way of life; socio-spatial way of living and agrarian livelihood of the displaced communities. Drawing on part of the design studio, this research is designed with a three-stage multi-disciplinary research methodology that includes: critical appraisal of the largest government-led resettlement project (Ashrayan); exploring settlement morphology of aAshrayanproject village; and proposing alternative resettlement housing design schemes for the riverbank erosion-displaced people. Based on empirical findings, this research argues that there exists a significant knowledge gap in the policy and design domains regarding the meaning and process of resettlement in general, and people's way of life, living and livelihood in particular. Outcomes of this research contributes people-place-sensitive strategic guidelines toward filling this gap in an informed manner.