Megafaunal distribution and biodiversity in a heterogeneous landscape: the iceberg scoured Rockall Bank, NE Atlantic
Megafaunal distribution and biodiversity in a heterogeneous landscape: the iceberg scoured Rockall Bank, NE Atlantic
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DOI：
10.3354/meps10677
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发表时间：
2014-03
影响因子：
2.5
通讯作者：
K. Robert;Daniel O. B. Jones;V. Huvenne
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
K. Robert;Daniel O. B. Jones;V. Huvenne
物种分布受到环境因素空间结构的影响，但这些依赖性发生的规模以及栖息地斑块多样性、连通性和空间排列的影响很少在深海环境中进行研究。在这项研究中，从大西洋东北部的罗科尔浅滩收集的空间有限的摄影横断面与侧扫和多波束声纳图相结合，以模拟物种分布和生物多样性的空间模式。创建了沉积物解释图，并使用规范排序技术来检查从数字剧照中提取的细尺度沉积物特征与描述周围区域的斑块马赛克结构的景观指标之间的关系。细尺度沉积物特征分别解释了物种组成和生物多样性变化的 45.1% 和 63.8%。这项调查有效地捕捉到了冰山犁痕造成的物种分布变化，其发生在<50 m的范围内——传统的船基研究通常无法检测到这种变化。我们的研究表明，需要精细环境信息来足够详细地捕获复杂海底区域的空间异质性，以模拟物种分布和生物多样性。
Species distributions are influenced by spatial structure in environmental factors, but the scales at which these dependencies occur and the effect of habitat patch diversity, connectivity and spatial arrangement have rarely been investigated in deep-sea settings. In this study, spatially limited photographic transects collected from Rockall Bank, NE Atlantic, were combined with sidescan and multibeam sonar maps to model spatial patterns in species distribution and biodiver- sity. Sediment interpretation maps were created and canonical ordination techniques were used to examine relationships between fine-scale sediment characteristics extracted from the digital stills as well as landscape metrics describing the patch mosaic structure of the surrounding areas. Fine-scale sediment characteristics explained 45.1 and 63.8% of the variation in species composi- tion and biodiversity, respectively. This survey effectively captured variation in species distribu- tion resulting from iceberg ploughmarks, occurring at a scale of <50 m — which would normally go undetected by traditional ship-based studies. Our study suggests that fine-scale environmental information is required to capture the spatial heterogeneity of complex seafloor areas in sufficient detail to model species distributions and biodiversity.