Individual differences in solving arithmetic word problems.
Individual differences in solving arithmetic word problems.
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DOI：
10.1186/1744-9081-9-28
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发表时间：
2013-07-24
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
Ischebeck A
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文献类型：
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作者：
Zarnhofer S;Braunstein V;Ebner F;Koschutnig K;Neuper C;Ninaus M;Reishofer G;Ischebeck A
本研究采用3T的功能磁共振成像技术，探讨了算术应用题解决过程中视觉化和言语化的神经机制。在算术领域，可视化可能意味着在计算时将数字和（中间）结果可视化，而口头化可能意味着在计算期间口头重复数字和（中间）结果。如果参与数字处理的脑区如假设的那样是域特异性的，即左侧角回（AG）显示出对语言域的亲和力，并且左侧和右侧顶内沟（IPS）显示出对视觉域的亲和力，则这些区域的激活应该显示出对个体认知风格的依赖性。36名健康的年轻人参与了这项fMRI研究。参与者在解决算术单词问题时习惯使用可视化和语言化的情况进行了简短的自我报告评估。在fMRI测量过程中，参与者必须解决的算术单词问题以事件相关设计呈现。我们发现，视觉化者在参与视觉处理的大脑区域表现出更大的大脑激活，而语言化者在左侧角回表现出更大的大脑激活。我们的研究结果表明，认知风格或偏好在理解大脑激活方面起着重要作用。我们的研究结果证实，在计算过程中，强大的视觉化者比弱的视觉化者更强烈地使用心理意象。此外，我们的研究结果表明，左AG显示出特定的亲和力，以特定的方式的动词域和subserves数字处理。
With the present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study at 3 T, we investigated the neural correlates of visualization and verbalization during arithmetic word problem solving. In the domain of arithmetic, visualization might mean to visualize numbers and (intermediate) results while calculating, and verbalization might mean that numbers and (intermediate) results are verbally repeated during calculation. If the brain areas involved in number processing are domain-specific as assumed, that is, that the left angular gyrus (AG) shows an affinity to the verbal domain, and that the left and right intraparietal sulcus (IPS) shows an affinity to the visual domain, the activation of these areas should show a dependency on an individual’s cognitive style. 36 healthy young adults participated in the fMRI study. The participants habitual use of visualization and verbalization during solving arithmetic word problems was assessed with a short self-report assessment. During the fMRI measurement, arithmetic word problems that had to be solved by the participants were presented in an event-related design. We found that visualizers showed greater brain activation in brain areas involved in visual processing, and that verbalizers showed greater brain activation within the left angular gyrus. Our results indicate that cognitive styles or preferences play an important role in understanding brain activation. Our results confirm, that strong visualizers use mental imagery more strongly than weak visualizers during calculation. Moreover, our results suggest that the left AG shows a specific affinity to the verbal domain and subserves number processing in a modality-specific way.