Bringing the State Back In (Yet Again): Reviews, Revisions, Rejections, and Redirections
Bringing the State Back In (Yet Again): Reviews, Revisions, Rejections, and Redirections
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（再次）恢复状态：审查、修改、拒绝和重定向
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发表时间：
2001
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通讯作者：
B. Jessop
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作者：
B. Jessop
本文论述了西欧和北美在国家理论化方面的发展。它简要回顾了20世纪60年代中期西欧开始的战后对国家理论兴趣的第一次重大复兴。这主要是由对资本主义国家的一般形式和功能感兴趣的马克思主义者领导的；但马克思主义女权主义者发挥了关键的辅助作用，他们将这种思想扩展到父权资本主义国家。然后描述了20世纪70年代末的第二次复兴。这涉及到更多的理论潮流和实质性关切，在总体方法上也更加制度化。尽管自我宣布的将国家带回？��in？��的运动起源于美国，但这一理论运动中一些最具创新性的工作植根于源于西欧的不那么公开的以国家为中心的方法。事实上，他们中的一些人认为，国家本身应该从分析政治权力和统治的中心地位上被赶下台。因此，除了新国家主义，我还考虑了福柯学派理论、女权主义和话语分析。到了20世纪90年代，这种做法的激增矛盾地导致了人们对国家本身的兴趣明显减弱。尽管如此，正如我下面所说的那样，关于国家的研究正在以新的、令人兴奋的形式和方向继续进行。
This article addresses West European and North American developments in theorizing the state. It briefly reviews the first major post-war revival of theoretical interest in the state that began in Western Europe during the mid-1960s. This was mainly led by Marxists interested in the general form and functions of the capitalist state; but a key supporting role was played by Marxist-feminists who extended such ideas to the patriarchal capitalist state. A second revival during the late 1970s is then described. This involved many more theoretical currents and substantive concerns and was also more institutionalist in overall approach. Although the self-declared movement to �bring the state back in� originated in the USA, some of the most innovative work in this theoretical movement is rooted in less overtly state-centred approaches originating in Western Europe. Indeed some of them argue that the state as such should be dethroned from its central position in analyses of political power and domination. Thus, in addition to neo-statism, I also consider Foucauldian theory, feminism, and discourse analysis. By the 1990s this proliferation of approaches had contributed paradoxically to an apparent withering away of interest in the state as such. None the less, as I argue below, research on the state is continuing in new and exciting forms and directions.