fNIRS: An Emergent Method to Document Functional Cortical Activity during Infant Movements.
fNIRS: An Emergent Method to Document Functional Cortical Activity during Infant Movements.
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DOI：
10.3389/fpsyg.2016.00533
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.8
通讯作者：
Nishiyori R
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Nishiyori R
婴儿出现目标导向行为的神经基础研究严重不足，提出的假设的经验证据很少。这主要是由于传统神经成像技术的技术限制。最近，功能近红外光谱（fNIRS）技术作为一种工具出现，发展科学家发现它对检查皮层活动很有用，特别是在幼儿和婴儿中，因为它比其他神经成像技术对运动有更大的耐受性。近红外光谱提供了一个机会，最终开始检查神经基础，因为婴儿发展目标导向的行动。在这篇方法学论文中，我将概述使用近红外光谱测量婴儿伸手拿物体时大脑皮层活动变化的效用、挑战和结果。我将描述这项技术的优点和局限性，我用来研究婴儿伸手时初级运动皮层活动的装置，以及分析过程中的示例步骤。我将提供范例数据来说明该技术量化婴儿运动时血液动力学活动变化的可行性。这种研究方法的可行性打开了一扇门，以扩大研究与目标导向的行动在婴儿神经活动的发展。我鼓励其他人分享所使用技术的细节，包括分析技术，以帮助这种神经成像技术像其他技术一样发展，比如脑电图和功能磁共振成像。
The neural basis underlying the emergence of goal-directed actions in infants has been severely understudied, with minimal empirical evidence for hypotheses proposed. This was largely due to the technological constraints of traditional neuroimaging techniques. Recently, functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) technology has emerged as a tool developmental scientists are finding useful to examine cortical activity, particularly in young children and infants due to its greater tolerance to movements than other neuroimaging techniques. fNIRS provides an opportunity to finally begin to examine the neural underpinnings as infants develop goal-directed actions. In this methodological paper, I will outline the utility, challenges, and outcomes of using fNIRS to measure the changes in cortical activity as infants reach for an object. I will describe the advantages and limitations of the technology, the setup I used to study primary motor cortex activity during infant reaching, and example steps in the analyses processes. I will present exemplar data to illustrate the feasibility of this technique to quantify changes in hemodynamic activity as infants move. The viability of this research method opens the door to expanding studies of the development of neural activity related to goal-directed actions in infants. I encourage others to share details of techniques used, as well, including analyticals, to help this neuroimaging technology grow as others, such as EEG and fMRI have.