PALEOCLIMATIC IMPLICATIONS OF PLEISTOCENE STRATIGRAPHY IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AREA *
PALEOCLIMATIC IMPLICATIONS OF PLEISTOCENE STRATIGRAPHY IN THE MEDITERRANEAN AREA *
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地中海地区更新世地层的古气候影响*
DOI：
10.1111/j.1749-6632.1961.tb50050.x
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发表时间：
1961
影响因子：
5.2
通讯作者：
K. Butzer
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
K. Butzer
气候变化的研究可以考虑所指出的气候变化的原因和这种变化的模式。然而，这些模式往往被忽视，根据支离破碎和零星的证据得出影响深远的结论。当然，在一个包含几个不同学科的研究领域，这是不可避免的。然而，如果要获得一般环流机制的可靠观点，就有必要详细说明气候异常在时间和空间上的分布。对仪器记录中记录的近期气候波动的分析最近在这一渠道取得了相当大的进展。然而，在更新世，几乎所有的解释性研究都使用了极其不充分的冰期、间冰期、雨积期、雨积期模式。第四纪的主要环流变化绝不是气候带的简单扩张或收缩。任何一个地方的各种气候要素的差异变化，只要有了详细的证据，就证明是极其复杂的。因此，下面的材料将致力于对地中海盆地一般地区的副热带高压单体和环极西风带重叠带的气候演变模式作一个简要的总结。将概述所涉及的地球科学证据，讨论与特定类型的“冰期”和“间冰期”大气环流有关的几种气候模式。这里提出的临时结果是1956年以来在近东和地中海地区举行的各种实地会议期间取得的，其中许多材料尚未出版。由于篇幅有限，讨论和文件必须减少到最低限度。
Studies in climatic variation may consider both the causes of indicated climatic changes and the patterns of such changes. Often, however, the patterns are neglected, and far-reaching conclusions are drawn on the basis of disintegrated and sporadic evidence. This is of course inevitable in a field of research embracing several distinct disciplines. I t is nevertheless necessary to elaborate on the distribution of climatic anomalies both in time and space if a reliable perspective of general circulation mechanisms is to be obtained. Analyses of recent climatic fluctuations registered within the instrumental record have made considerable progress in this channel lately. In the Pleistocene, however, almost all interpretative study has made use of hopelessly inadequate schemata of glacial, interglacial, pluvial, interpluvial. The major circulation changes of the Quaternary were anything but a simple expansion or contraction of climatic belts. The differential variation of the various climatic elements a t any one locality has proved to be astoundingly complex whenever detailed evidence became available. Consequently the following materials will be devoted to a brief summary of the patterns of climatic evolution in the zone of overlap between the subtropical cells of high pressure and the circumpolar westerlies in the general area of the Mediterranean Basin. Outlining the earth science evidence involved, several climatic patterns, related to specific types of “glacial” and “interglacial” circulation of the atmosphere, will be discussed. The provisional results presented here were obtained during various field sessions in the Near East and Mediterranean area since 1956, and much of the material has not yet received publication. On account of limited space, discussion and documentation have necessarily been reduced to a minimum.