Host response of rice genotypes to the rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) under aerobic soil conditions
Host response of rice genotypes to the rice root-knot nematode (Meloidogyne graminicola) under aerobic soil conditions
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DOI：
10.1080/03235408.2012.749702
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发表时间：
2013-01-01
影响因子：
1
通讯作者：
Kumar, A.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
De Waele, D.;Das, K.;Kumar, A.
好氧水稻是一种生产系统，通过在非水坑、非水淹、非饱和田地中直接播种，培育适应的水稻品种，并在类似于旱地条件的条件下生长。在连续种植好氧稻的土地上，观察到产量下降。水稻根结线虫被认为是导致产量下降的可能原因之一。对禾谷小孢子菌的抗性和耐受性是好氧水稻品种缓解这一问题的基本特征。在我们的研究中，在室外高床实验的需氧土壤条件下，评估了国际水稻研究所好氧水稻育种计划中使用的或亚洲农民已经种植的 19 种需氧稻、7 种旱稻和 4 种低地稻基因型的宿主反应。我们的研究表明，所检测的水稻基因型对禾谷小霉感染的易感性和敏感性存在很大差异。没有发现与实验中包含的抗性参考基因型（CG14、TOG5674、TOG7235）相当的抗性，但就敏感性而言，高地基因型 Morobereken 可能是一种有趣的不太敏感的基因型。发现了耐受性，并且就敏感性而言，高产需氧基因型 IR78877-208-B-1-2 可能是一个有趣的耐受基因型。我们的研究还鉴定了对禾谷分枝杆菌感染高度敏感或敏感的水稻基因型，并且应阻止其种植。平均而言，M. graminicola 导致产量下降近 30%。排除实验中包含的两种敏感和三种抗性参考基因型，受影响最大的是干枝生物量（减少23.6%），其次是根长，其受影响程度大于鲜根重量（19.8% vs. 8%）和籽粒灌浆（17.3%），而株高和小穗/穗数受影响较小（分别为10.2%和8.1%）。分蘖和圆锥花序/植株的数量均不受影响。
Aerobic rice is a production system where adapted rice varieties are established via direct seeding in non-puddled, non-flooded, non-saturated fields and grown under conditions similar to upland conditions. On land cultivated continuously with aerobic rice, a yield reduction has been observed. The rice root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola is considered one of the possible causes of these yield reductions. Resistance to and tolerance for M. graminicola are essential traits for aerobic rice cultivars in alleviating this problem. In our study, the host response of nineteen aerobic, seven upland and four lowland rice genotypes which are either being used in the International Rice Research Institute's aerobic rice breeding programme or already cultivated by farmers in Asia was evaluated under aerobic soil conditions in an outdoor raised-bed experiment. Our study showed a large variation in susceptibility and sensitivity to M. graminicola infection among the rice genotypes examined. Resistance comparable to the resistant reference genotypes included in the experiment (CG14, TOG5674, TOG7235) was not found but in terms of susceptibility, the upland genotype Morobereken may be an interesting less-susceptible genotype. Tolerance was found and in terms of sensitivity, the high yielding aerobic genotype IR78877-208-B-1-2 may be an interesting tolerant genotype. Our study also allowed the identification of rice genotypes that are either highly susceptible or sensitive to M. graminicola infection and of which the cultivation should be discouraged. On average, M. graminicola caused an almost 30% reduction in yield. Excluding the two susceptible and three resistant reference genotypes included in the experiment, most affected was dry-shoot biomass (23.6% reduction) followed by root length, which was more affected than fresh-root weight (19.8 vs. 8%) and grain filling (17.3%), while plant height and the number of spikelets/panicle were less affected (10.2 and 8.1%, respectively). Neither tillering nor the number of panicles/plant were affected.