Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates
Geographic patterns of tree dispersal modes in Amazonia and their ecological correlates
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DOI：
10.1111/geb.13596
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发表时间：
2022-10-24
影响因子：
6.4
通讯作者：
ter Steege, Hans
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Correa, Diego F.;Stevenson, Pablo R.;ter Steege, Hans
目的探讨亚马逊河流域常见的树木传播方式（动物传播、动物传播、风传播和水传播）的地理分布格局及其生态相关性。我们研究了这些分散模式的比例丰度是否可以解释的分散剂的可用性（分散剂可用性假说）和/或资源的可用性，用于构建zoochorous水果（资源可用性假说）。1934年至2019年建立的树木库存地块。主要分类群研究的树木与直径在胸高（DBH）>= 9.55厘米。亚马逊河流域是指亚马逊河流域和圭亚那地盾的低地雨林。方法我们在陆地、季节性洪水和永久性洪水泛滥的森林中的1877个树木清查地块内，为总共5433个物种和形态种分配了传播模式。我们调查了扩散模式的比例丰度的地理模式。我们进行了丰度加权平均成对距离（MPD）的测试和拟合广义线性模型（GLM）来解释扩散模式的地理分布。结果年平均风速与风播量呈显著正相关，水淹林的水播量显著高于对照林。传播模式并没有一贯表现出显着的协会与资源的可利用性建设zoochorous水果。较低的相异的扩散模式，导致更高的优势endozoochory，发生在terra-firme森林（不包括灰壤）相比，淹没森林。主要结论分散剂的可用性假说是很好的支持非生物传播模式（风播和水播）。资源建设zoochorous水果的可用性似乎是一个不太可能的解释在亚马逊河流域的传播模式的分布。食果动物和比例丰富的动物群之间的关联需要进一步的研究，因为树木招聘不仅取决于传播媒介，但也有利于或限制幼苗招聘的条件，在森林类型。
Aim To investigate the geographic patterns and ecological correlates in the geographic distribution of the most common tree dispersal modes in Amazonia (endozoochory, synzoochory, anemochory and hydrochory). We examined if the proportional abundance of these dispersal modes could be explained by the availability of dispersal agents (disperser-availability hypothesis) and/or the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits (resource-availability hypothesis). Time period Tree-inventory plots established between 1934 and 2019. Major taxa studied Trees with a diameter at breast height (DBH) >= 9.55 cm. Location Amazonia, here defined as the lowland rain forests of the Amazon River basin and the Guiana Shield. Methods We assigned dispersal modes to a total of 5433 species and morphospecies within 1877 tree-inventory plots across terra-firme, seasonally flooded, and permanently flooded forests. We investigated geographic patterns in the proportional abundance of dispersal modes. We performed an abundance-weighted mean pairwise distance (MPD) test and fit generalized linear models (GLMs) to explain the geographic distribution of dispersal modes. Results Anemochory was significantly, positively associated with mean annual wind speed, and hydrochory was significantly higher in flooded forests. Dispersal modes did not consistently show significant associations with the availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits. A lower dissimilarity in dispersal modes, resulting from a higher dominance of endozoochory, occurred in terra-firme forests (excluding podzols) compared to flooded forests. Main conclusions The disperser-availability hypothesis was well supported for abiotic dispersal modes (anemochory and hydrochory). The availability of resources for constructing zoochorous fruits seems an unlikely explanation for the distribution of dispersal modes in Amazonia. The association between frugivores and the proportional abundance of zoochory requires further research, as tree recruitment not only depends on dispersal vectors but also on conditions that favour or limit seedling recruitment across forest types.