Endogenous and Synthetic Cannabinoids as Therapeutics in Retinal Disease.
Endogenous and Synthetic Cannabinoids as Therapeutics in Retinal Disease.
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DOI：
10.1155/2016/8373020
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发表时间：
2016
影响因子：
3.1
通讯作者：
Thermos K
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Kokona D;Georgiou PC;Kounenidakis M;Kiagiadaki F;Thermos K
大麻素在眼部生理学和疾病中的功能意义在几十年前就已有报道。 20 世纪 70 年代初，吸食大麻的受试者眼压 (IOP) 较低。这导致从这种植物中分离出植物大麻素并研究其对青光眼的治疗作用。迄今为止，这种疾病的主要治疗方法包括施用药物来介导房水合成的减少或房水流出的增加，从而降低眼压。然而，眼压的降低不足以防止视野丧失。视网膜疾病，例如青光眼和糖尿病性视网膜病变，被定义为神经退行性疾病，其特征是缺血引起的兴奋性毒性和视网膜神经元损失。因此，必须采用新的治疗策略来针对视网膜细胞死亡、视力下降和失明。本综述的目的是探讨大麻素在视网膜疾病中的神经保护和治疗潜力。
The functional significance of cannabinoids in ocular physiology and disease has been reported some decades ago. In the early 1970s, subjects who smoked Cannabis sativa developed lower intraocular pressure (IOP). This led to the isolation of phytocannabinoids from this plant and the study of their therapeutic effects in glaucoma. The main treatment of this disease to date involves the administration of drugs mediating either the decrease of aqueous humour synthesis or the increase of its outflow and thus reduces IOP. However, the reduction of IOP is not sufficient to prevent visual field loss. Retinal diseases, such as glaucoma and diabetic retinopathy, have been defined as neurodegenerative diseases and characterized by ischemia-induced excitotoxicity and loss of retinal neurons. Therefore, new therapeutic strategies must be applied in order to target retinal cell death, reduction of visual acuity, and blindness. The aim of the present review is to address the neuroprotective and therapeutic potential of cannabinoids in retinal disease.