EVALUATIONAL REACTIONS TO ACCENTED ENGLISH SPEECH
EVALUATIONAL REACTIONS TO ACCENTED ENGLISH SPEECH
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DOI：
10.1037/h0045060
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发表时间：
1962-01-01
影响因子：
4.6
通讯作者：
BOGO, N
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
ANISFELD, M;LAMBERT, WE;BOGO, N
在最近的一篇文章中（Lambert, Hodgson, Gardner, & Fillenbaum, 1960），有人认为“口语是一个民族或文化群体成员的识别特征，任何听众对特定群体成员的态度都应该推广到他们使用的语言上”（p. 359）。44)。因此，对口语的评价反应应该类似于与使用该语言的群体成员互动时的反应。但是，由于使用特定语言是一个民族或文化群体的所有成员的特征，因此对语言本身的反应应主要反映习惯使用该语言的群体的定型特征。这些想法是通过让英语加拿大人听英语和法语人士的录音来验证的，并要求他们指出他们听到每个声音时想到的说话者的性格特征。评委们不知道，为了控制，实际上听到的是完美的双语者，他们一次伪装成完美的英语，另一次伪装成完美的法语。结果表明，英语扮相在一系列特征上的评价更有利。当同样的程序在法国裔加拿大人身上进行时，他们不仅对英国人扮相的评价比法国人扮相的评价更有利，而且他们对法国人扮相的评价也比英国裔加拿大人的评价要差。此外，对另一组的态度与对伪装的评价反应之间基本上没有关系，这使我们能够将结果解释为反映了整个社区的影响
In a recent article (Lambert, Hodgson, Gardner, & Fillenbaum, 1960), it was argued that" spoken language is an identifying feature of members of a national or cultural group and any listener's attitude toward members of a particular group should generalize to the language they use"(p. 44). The evaluational reactions to a spoken language therefore should be similar to reactions elicited in interaction with those perceived as members of a group that use it. But because the use of a particular language is a feature of all members of a national or cultural group, the reactions to the language per se should reflect mainly stereotyped characteristics of the group habitually using it. These ideas were tested by having English Canadians listen to the recorded voices of English and French speakers and requesting that they indicate the personality traits of the speakers which came to mind as they heard each voice. The judges were kept ignorant of the fact that, for purposes of control, perfectly bilingual speakers were actually being heard, speaking one time with a flawless English guise and at another time in perfect French. The results indicated that the English guises were more favorably evaluated on a series of traits. When the same procedure was carried out with French Canadians acting as judges of the personalities, they not only evaluated the English guises more favorably than French guises, their evaluations of French guises were reliably less favorable than those of the English Canadian judges. Furthermore, there were essentially no relations between attitudes toward the other group and the evaluational reactions to the guises, permitting us to interpret the results as a reflection of the influence of community-wide