‘I Think He Was Kind of Shouting or Something’: Uses and Abuses of Vagueness in the British Courtroom
‘I Think He Was Kind of Shouting or Something’: Uses and Abuses of Vagueness in the British Courtroom
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“我认为他有点大喊大叫之类的”：英国法庭上模糊性的使用和滥用
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发表时间：
2007
期刊：
影响因子：
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通讯作者：
J. Cotterill
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
J. Cotterill
法律的体系，在其所有的伪装下，都以追求精确和清晰为特征。从合同法（处理书面协议的执行）到刑法（处理犯罪及其惩罚），可以观察到正式文本化的文件类型（例如遗嘱、合同和法规）与支撑其谈判和执行的口头惯例之间的内在冲突和紧张关系。Tiersma（1999，第71页）自己也是一名律师，他在《追求精确》一书的标题下写道：“法律的职业的大部分语言行为都是为了尽可能清晰和精确地说话和写作”，下面这段摘录摘自一份遗嘱（www.languageandlaw.org/nature.htm）：
我将我在去世时可能拥有的所有剩余财产，剩余财产和剩余财产，无论是真实的，个人的还是混合的，无论是什么种类和性质，无论在哪里，包括我可能获得的所有财产，或者我在本遗嘱执行后可能有权获得的所有财产，以平等的份额，绝对和永远地，交给阿奇胡佛，露西胡佛，他的妻子，和阿奇伯德胡佛，我死后90天，他们中的任何一个人都是如此。
The legal system, in all its guises, is characterized by a desire for precision and clarity. From contract law (dealing with enforcement of written agreements) to criminal law (dealing with crimes and their punishments), it is possible to observe an inherent conflict and tension between the formal textualized types of documents, for example wills, contracts and statutes, and the oral practices which underpin their negotiation and implementation. Tiersma (1999, p. 71), himself a lawyer, writes under the heading of ‘The Quest for Precision’ that ‘much of the linguistic behavior of the legal profession is geared towards speaking and writing as clearly and precisely as possible’, as in the following extract taken from a last will and testament (www.languageandlaw.org/nature.htm):
I give, devise and bequeath all of rest, residue and remainder of my property which I may own at the time of my death, real, personal and mixed, of whatsoever kind and nature and wheresoever situate, including all property which I may acquire or to which I may become entitled after the execution of this will, in equal shares, absolutely and forever, to archie hoover, lucy hoover, his wife, and archibald hoover, per capita, to any of them living ninety (90) days after my death.