Viscometry for Liquids
Viscometry for Liquids
复制标题
液体粘度测定
DOI：
10.1007/978-3-319-04858-1
复制
发表时间：
2014
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
S. V. Gupta
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
S. V. Gupta
这本书是由我以前的同事，国家物理实验室高级首席科学官Anil Kumar先生发起的，他向我提出了一些关于粘度计校准的问题。我还意识到，粘度和粘性力的理解一直是许多领域的研究工作者感兴趣的主题，如医学，石油工业，物理学家，化学家，工程师，燃料技术专家和流变学家。液体粘度的绝对测量，即使只有0.5%的精度，也是一项相当坚韧和耗时的工作。另一方面，粘度相对于某些标准粘度的测量要容易得多，所涉及的不确定度远小于0.1%。因此，必须有已知粘度的液体。已知特性和密度的水的容易获得性非常高的准确度使其成为粘度的主要标准的正确选择。因此，水的粘度测量一直受到重视。一些科学家把他们工作生涯的大部分时间都花在水的粘度测量上。例如，美国NIST的科学家花了大约20年的时间来确定水的粘度值。第一章讨论了用毛细管粘度计和振荡粘度计测量水的粘度。一旦确定了水的粘度值，下一个有效的步骤是建立粘度标度。这一点在第一章中已经讨论过了。书的2。不确定度传播到粘度标度的第n个步骤也已被导出。详细讨论了粘度计在不同温度下使用不同液体时，建立粘度标度时粘度计常数的修正。
This book has been initiated by my former colleague, Mr. Anil Kumar Senior Principle Scientific Officer at National Physical Laboratory, who put to me some questions regarding the calibration of viscometers. I also realised that understanding of viscosity and viscous forces have been a subject matter of interest to research workers in many fields like medicine, oil industry, to physicists, chemists, engineers, fuel technologists and to rheologists. Absolute measurement of viscosity of liquids even with 0.5% accuracy is rather a tough and time-consuming job. On the other hand, measurement of viscosity relative to viscosity of some standard has been much easier and uncertainty involved is much less than 0.1%. Hence it becomes necessary to have liquid of known viscosity. Easy availability of water of known characteristics and density to very high degree of accuracy makes it a correct choice to be the primary standard of viscosity. Therefore, the measurement of viscosity of water has been emphasised. Some scientists have spent a major part of their working life in viscosity measurement of water. For example, Scientists at NIST USA have spent some 20 years to establish the value of viscosity of water. The measurement of viscosity of water by capillary and oscillations viscometers has been discussed in Chap. 8 of the book.Once the value of viscosity of water is established, the next valid step is to build the viscosity scale. This has been discussed in Chap. 2 of the book. Uncertainty propagated to the nth step of viscosity scale has also been derived. Corrections necessary to apply to viscometer constant of the viscometer when used at different temperatures with a different liquid in establishing the viscosity scale have been discussed in detail.