The Five Trolls Under the Bridge: Principal Component Analysis With Asynchronous and Noisy High Frequency Data

The Five Trolls Under the Bridge: Principal Component Analysis With Asynchronous and Noisy High Frequency Data
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桥下的五个巨魔:异步和噪声高频数据的主成分分析

DOI:
10.1080/01621459.2019.1672555
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发表时间:
2020
影响因子:
3.7
通讯作者:
Zhang, Lan
Zhang, Lan
中科院分区:
数学1区
文献类型:
--
作者:
Chen, Dachuan;Mykland, Per A.;Zhang, Lan

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提出了一种适用于高频数据的主成分分析方法。就像在北方童话故事中一样,有巨魔在等待探险家。前三个巨魔是市场微观结构噪声、非同步采样时间和估计器中的边缘效应。针对这一问题,提出了一种基于平滑双尺度已实现方差的SPOT协方差矩阵稳健估计器(S-TSRV)。第四个问题是如何从估计的时变协方差矩阵传递到主成分分析。在有限维情况下,我们通过估计已实现的谱函数来发展这一方法。建立了收敛速度和中心极限理论,以及标准误差估计。第五个巨魔是在高频之上的高维,我们也在那里开发了PCA。借助于一个关于点主正交补的新恒等式,在消除了经典主成分分析中的几个强假设后,研究了高维收敛速度。作为一个应用,我们表明我们的第一主成分(PC)与S&P100市场指数非常接近,但可能表现得更好。从统计学的角度来看,第一个PC与市场指数之间的紧密匹配也印证了这一主成分分析过程和卡尔·波普尔意义上的S-TSRV矩阵。
We develop a principal component analysis (PCA) for high frequency data. As in Northern fairy tales, there are trolls waiting for the explorer. The first three trolls are market microstructure noise, asynchronous sampling times, and edge effects in estimators. To get around these, a robust estimator of the spot covariance matrix is developed based on the smoothed two-scale realized variance (S-TSRV). The fourth troll is how to pass from estimated time-varying covariance matrix to PCA. Under finite dimensionality, we develop this methodology through the estimation of realized spectral functions. Rates of convergence and central limit theory, as well as an estimator of standard error, are established. The fifth troll is high dimension on top of high frequency, where we also develop PCA. With the help of a new identity concerning the spot principal orthogonal complement, the high-dimensional rates of convergence have been studied after eliminating several strong assumptions in classical PCA. As an application, we show that our first principal component (PC) closely matches but potentially outperforms the S&P 100 market index. From a statistical standpoint, the close match between the first PC and the market index also corroborates this PCA procedure and the underlying S-TSRV matrix, in the sense of Karl Popper.Supplementary materials for this article are available online.
DOI: 10.2139/ssrn.2475620
发表时间: 2016-09
期刊: Capital Markets: Market Microstructure eJournal
影响因子: --
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