Design, Synthesis, and Biological Application of Fluorescent Sensor Molecules for Cellular Imaging
Design, Synthesis, and Biological Application of Fluorescent Sensor Molecules for Cellular Imaging
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DOI：
10.1007/10_2008_42
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发表时间：
2010-01-01
期刊：
影响因子：
--
通讯作者：
Kikuchi, Kazuya
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Kikuchi, Kazuya
细胞成像已经取得了许多新的生物学发现，其中GFP和其他荧光蛋白以及基于小分子的荧光传感器已经被广泛使用，特别是在过去十年中。介绍了化学传感器的设计思想和应用，包括基于FRET的传感器和Zn（2+）传感器，荧光共振能量转移（FRET）已被广泛用作荧光传感器分子的设计原理。设计具有FRET调制的传感器分子的最显著的优点之一是它可以在活细胞中进行比率测量，这减少了显微成像系统的伪影。小分子FRET传感器的发展的设计策略，避免供体荧光团和受体荧光团在水溶液中的紧密接触。在过去的8年中，已经出现了许多用于活细胞中Zn（2+）传感的工具。其中，使用荧光传感器分子的荧光成像是最流行的方法。这些传感器分子中的一些可用于可视化活细胞中的Zn（2+）。使用这些传感器分子阐明了Zn（2+）的一些生物学功能，特别是在含有高浓度游离Zn（2+）的神经元细胞中。
Cellular imaging has achieved many new biological findings, among them GFP and other fluorescent proteins and small molecule based fluorescent sensors have been widely used, especially in the last decade. The design concept and application of chemical sensors are described, these being FRET based sensors and Zn(2+) sensors.Fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) has been used extensively as the designing principle for fluorescent sensor molecules. One of the most significant advantages of designing sensor molecules with FRET modulation is that it can enable ratiometric measurement in living cells, which reduces the artifact from microscopic imaging systems. The design strategy for the development of small molecular FRET sensors is described in terms of avoiding close contact of donor fluorophore and acceptor fluorophore in aqueous solution. Furthermore, a strategy to design FRET sensors with modulating overlap integrals of donor and acceptor is introduced.Numerous tools for Zn(2+) sensing in living cells have become available in the last 8 years. Among them, fluorescence imaging using fluorescent sensor molecules has been the most popular approach. Some of these sensor molecules can be used to visualize Zn(2+) in living cells. Some of the biological functions of Zn(2+) were clarified using these sensor molecules, especially in neuronal cells, which contain a high concentration of free Zn(2+).