A cell-autonomous tumour suppressor role of RAF1 in hepatocarcinogenesis.

A cell-autonomous tumour suppressor role of RAF1 in hepatocarcinogenesis.
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RAF1 在肝癌发生中的细胞自主肿瘤抑制作用。

DOI:
10.1038/ncomms13781
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发表时间:
2016-12-21
影响因子:
16.6
通讯作者:
--
中科院分区:
综合性期刊1区
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--
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肝细胞癌(HCC)是癌症死亡的主要原因,但其分子异质性阻碍了靶向治疗的设计。目前,晚期HCC的唯一治疗选择是索拉非尼,一种靶点包括RAF的抑制剂。出乎意料的是,RAF 1表达在人HCC样品中降低。通过RNAi模拟RAF 1下调增加了异种移植物和培养物中人HCC细胞系的增殖;此外,RAF 1消融促进了化学性肝癌发生和培养的(前)恶性小鼠肝细胞的增殖。表型取决于YAP 1表达和STAT 3激活的增加,这在培养的RAF 1缺陷细胞、肝癌异种移植物和原位肝肿瘤中观察到。因此,RAF 1虽然对皮肤和肺肿瘤的发展至关重要,但却是肝癌发生的负调节因子。这一意想不到的发现突出了细胞/组织环境在决定蛋白质功能方面的贡献,并强调了了解疾病分子背景以指导治疗设计的重要性。 激酶RAF 1通常发挥促肿瘤发生功能,促进RAS驱动的癌症的增殖。在这里,作者使用HCC小鼠模型和临床数据描述了RAF 1在肝癌发展中的意外抑癌作用,其与gp 130依赖性Stat 3激活和YAP 1调节有关。
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a leading cause of cancer deaths, but its molecular heterogeneity hampers the design of targeted therapies. Currently, the only therapeutic option for advanced HCC is Sorafenib, an inhibitor whose targets include RAF. Unexpectedly, RAF1 expression is reduced in human HCC samples. Modelling RAF1 downregulation by RNAi increases the proliferation of human HCC lines in xenografts and in culture; furthermore, RAF1 ablation promotes chemical hepatocarcinogenesis and the proliferation of cultured (pre)malignant mouse hepatocytes. The phenotypes depend on increased YAP1 expression and STAT3 activation, observed in cultured RAF1-deficient cells, in HCC xenografts, and in autochthonous liver tumours. Thus RAF1, although essential for the development of skin and lung tumours, is a negative regulator of hepatocarcinogenesis. This unexpected finding highlights the contribution of the cellular/tissue environment in determining the function of a protein, and underscores the importance of understanding the molecular context of a disease to inform therapy design. The kinase RAF1 usually exerts pro-tumorigenic functions promoting proliferation in RAS-driven cancers. Here, the authors using a mouse model of HCC and clinical data describe an unexpected oncosuppressor role of RAF1 in hepatocarcinoma development linked to a gp130-dependent Stat3 activation and YAP1 regulation.
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