Convergence of reference frequencies by multiple CF-FM bats (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum nippon) during paired flights evaluated with onboard microphones
Convergence of reference frequencies by multiple CF-FM bats (Rhinolophus ferrumequinum nippon) during paired flights evaluated with onboard microphones
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DOI：
10.1007/s00359-012-0739-9
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发表时间：
2012-09-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Riquimaroux, Hiroshi
中科院分区：
文献类型：
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作者：
Furusawa, Yuto;Hiryu, Shizuko;Riquimaroux, Hiroshi
使用机载遥测麦克风测量了Rhinolophus ferrumequinum nippon回声定位声音的二次谐波（CF2）的恒定频率分量，而蝙蝠在飞行过程中表现出多普勒频移补偿。(1)在休息（F（休息））的单个蝙蝠发出的脉冲的CF2频率表现出长期的逐渐下降，平均在3个月的时间内0.22 kHz。平均相邻F（休息）（个体间差异F（休息）相邻蝙蝠之间的蝙蝠按升序排列时，根据F（休息））的范围从0.08到0.11 kHz之间的18蝙蝠在实验室殖民地。(2)蝙蝠在成对飞行期间所观察到的回波CF2（参考频率）的标准差范围为50至90 Hz，这与单次飞行期间的标准差没有显著差异。这一发现表明，在成对飞行期间，蝙蝠表现出多普勒频移补偿，其准确性与它们单独飞行时相同。(3)在60%（n = 29）的情况下，与蝙蝠单独飞行时相比，两只蝙蝠在成对飞行期间的参考频率差异显着降低。然而，只有15%的病例（n = 7）在成对飞行期间显示出显著增加。两个蝙蝠之间的频率差异并没有增加，即使在单次飞行中个体的参考频率没有统计学差异。
The constant frequency component of the second harmonic (CF2) of echolocation sounds in Rhinolophus ferrumequinum nippon were measured using onboard telemetry microphones while the bats exhibited Doppler-shift compensation during flights with conspecifics. (1) The CF2 frequency of pulses emitted by individual bats at rest (F (rest)) showed a long-term gradual decline by 0.22 kHz on average over a period of 3 months. The mean neighboring F (rest) (interindividual differences in F (rest) between neighboring bats when the bats were arranged in ascending order according to F (rest)) ranged from 0.08 to 0.11 kHz among 18 bats in a laboratory colony. (2) The standard deviation of observed echo CF2 (reference frequency) for bats during paired flights ranged from 50 to 90 Hz, which was not significantly different from that during single flights. This finding suggests that during paired flights, bats exhibit Doppler-shift compensation with the same accuracy as when they fly alone. (3) In 60 % (n = 29) of the cases, the difference in the reference frequency between two bats during paired flights significantly decreased compared to when the bats flew alone. However, only 15 % of the cases (n = 7) showed a significant increase during paired flights. The difference in frequency between two bats did not increase even when the reference frequencies of the individuals were not statistically different during single flights.