Asphalt-related emissions are a major missing nontraditional source of secondary organic aerosol precursors
Asphalt-related emissions are a major missing nontraditional source of secondary organic aerosol precursors
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DOI：
10.1126/sciadv.abb9785
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发表时间：
2020-09-01
期刊：
影响因子：
13.6
通讯作者：
Gentner, Drew R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Khare, Peeyush;Machesky, Jo;Gentner, Drew R.
沥青基材料丰富，是城市地区活性有机化合物的主要非传统来源，但其排放量基本上不在清单中。在模拟不同生命周期阶段（即储存、铺装和使用）的典型温度和太阳条件下，普通道路和屋顶沥青产生复杂的有机化合物混合物，包括有害污染物。使用高分辨率质谱分析的化学物种排放因子揭示了大量的氧和减少的硫含量，以及芳香化合物（类似于30%）和中间/半挥发性有机化合物（类似于85%）的优势，它们共同产生高的总体二次有机气溶胶（SOA）产量。适度的阳光照射（例如，道路沥青为300%）会显著增加排放，从而产生更高的SOA产量和持续的SOA生产。在城市尺度上，与沥青相关的SOA前体排放的年度估计超过了机动车辆的排放量，并且大大增加了现有的非燃烧源的估计。然而，它们的排放和影响将集中在最炎热、阳光最充足、光化学活性和SOA产生更大的时期。
Asphalt-based materials are abundant and a major nontraditional source of reactive organic compounds in urban areas, but their emissions are essentially absent from inventories. At typical temperature and solar conditions simulating different life cycle stages (i.e., storage, paving, and use), common road and roofing asphalts produced complex mixtures of organic compounds, including hazardous pollutants. Chemically speciated emission factors using high-resolution mass spectrometry reveal considerable oxygen and reduced sulfur content and the predominance of aromatic (similar to 30%) and intermediate/semivolatile organic compounds (similar to 85%), which together produce high overall secondary organic aerosol (SOA) yields. Emissions rose markedly with moderate solar exposure (e.g., 300% for road asphalt) with greater SOA yields and sustained SOA production. On urban scales, annual estimates of asphalt-related SOA precursor emissions exceed those from motor vehicles and substantially increase existing estimates from noncombustion sources. Yet, their emissions and impacts will be concentrated during the hottest, sunniest periods with greater photochemical activity and SOA production.