Species-Specific Relationships between DNA and Chromatin Properties of CpG Islands in Embryonic Stem Cells and Differentiated Cells.
Species-Specific Relationships between DNA and Chromatin Properties of CpG Islands in Embryonic Stem Cells and Differentiated Cells.
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DOI：
10.1016/j.stemcr.2021.02.016
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发表时间：
2021-04-13
影响因子：
5.9
通讯作者：
Smale ST
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Langerman J;Lopez D;Pellegrini M;Smale ST
CpG islands often exhibit low DNA methylation, high histone H3 lysine 4 trimethylation, low nucleosome density, and high DNase I hypersensitivity, yet the rules by which CpG islands are sensed remain poorly understood. In this study, we first evaluated the relationships between the DNA and the chromatin properties of CpG islands in embryonic stem cells using modified bacterial artificial chromosomes. Then, using a bioinformatic approach, we identified strict CpG-island density and length thresholds in mouse embryonic stem and differentiated cells that consistently specify low DNA methylation levels. Surprisingly, the human genome exhibited a dramatically different relationship between DNA properties and DNA methylation levels of CpG islands. Further analysis allowed speculation that this difference is accommodated in part by evolutionary changes in the nucleotide composition of orthologous promoters. Thus, a change in the rules by which CpG-island properties are sensed may have co-evolved with compensatory genome adaptation events during mammalian evolution. Strict DNA property rules can predict low DNA methylation at murine CpG islands Mice and humans differ greatly in how DNA properties influence DNA methylation Evolutionary adaptation of CpG islands compensates for the species differences Langerman and colleagues examined relationships between DNA and chromatin properties of CpG islands. They identified rules by which the length of a CpG-rich region and CpG density influence DNA methylation. These rules differ between humans and mice, with the differences permitted during evolution by adaptations at the DNA and chromatin levels.
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