Global Trends in Exposure to Light Pollution in Natural Terrestrial Ecosystems
Global Trends in Exposure to Light Pollution in Natural Terrestrial Ecosystems
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DOI：
10.3390/rs70302715
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发表时间：
2015-03-01
期刊：
影响因子：
5
通讯作者：
Gaston, Kevin J.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Bennie, Jonathan;Duffy, James P.;Gaston, Kevin J.
地球仪上电灯使用的快速增长导致了夜间自然和半自然生态系统中人造光的存在越来越多。这是由于直接照明和天空辉光-大气中的散射光造成的。人们越来越关注人造光对生物过程、生物多样性和生态系统功能的影响。我们结合联合收割机相互校准的国防气象卫星计划的业务线扫描系统（DMSP/OLS）的图像稳定的夜间灯光1992年至2012年期间的遥感土地覆盖产品（GLC 2000），以评估最近的变化，在夜间暴露于人造光在43个全球生态系统类型。我们发现，地中海气候生态系统经历了最大的增加暴露，其次是温带生态系统。北方、北极和山区系统的增幅最低。在热带和亚热带地区，增加最多的是红树林和亚热带针叶林和混交林，在干旱地区，增加主要是在森林和农业地区。全球生态系统暴露于人造光的增加幅度最大，已经是局部和分散的，由于高度的多样性、特有性和稀有性，往往具有特别的保护重要性。夜间遥感可在确定自然生态系统受光污染影响的程度方面发挥关键作用。
The rapid growth in electric light usage across the globe has led to increasing presence of artificial light in natural and semi-natural ecosystems at night. This occurs both due to direct illumination and skyglow - scattered light in the atmosphere. There is increasing concern about the effects of artificial light on biological processes, biodiversity and the functioning of ecosystems. We combine intercalibrated Defense Meteorological Satellite Program's Operational Linescan System (DMSP/OLS) images of stable night-time lights for the period 1992 to 2012 with a remotely sensed landcover product (GLC2000) to assess recent changes in exposure to artificial light at night in 43 global ecosystem types. We find that Mediterranean-climate ecosystems have experienced the greatest increases in exposure, followed by temperate ecosystems. Boreal, Arctic and montane systems experienced the lowest increases. In tropical and subtropical regions, the greatest increases are in mangroves and subtropical needleleaf and mixed forests, and in arid regions increases are mainly in forest and agricultural areas. The global ecosystems experiencing the greatest increase in exposure to artificial light are already localized and fragmented, and often of particular conservation importance due to high levels of diversity, endemism and rarity. Night time remote sensing can play a key role in identifying the extent to which natural ecosystems are exposed to light pollution.