Regional Comparison of Mosquito Bloodmeals in South Australia: Implications for Ross River Virus Ecology
Regional Comparison of Mosquito Bloodmeals in South Australia: Implications for Ross River Virus Ecology
复制标题
DOI：
10.1093/jme/tjw035
复制
发表时间：
2016-07-01
影响因子：
2.1
通讯作者：
Williams, Craig R.
中科院分区：
文献类型：
--
作者：
Flies, Emily J.;Flies, Andrew S.;Williams, Craig R.
罗斯河病毒（RRV）是澳大利亚报告的人类虫媒病毒感染最多的病毒。血清阳性率和实验感染研究表明巨足类动物（例如袋鼠）是主要的储存宿主。然而，传播生态学在空间上存在差异，城市地区的感染引发了一个问题：在大足类动物稀缺的地区，哪些动物可以作为宿主。在南澳大利亚 (SA)，RRV 的人类感染率因地区而异，媒介和储存宿主的丰度也存在很大差异。我们假设南澳不同生态区的蚊子丰度和进食模式会有所不同，这有助于解释不同的人类病例率。为了检验我们的假设，我们对南澳三个主要生态区收集的吸血蚊子线粒体 DNA 的细胞色素 B 片段的 457 个碱基对区域进行了扩增和测序，并使用 NCBI 中的 BLAST 搜索鉴定了序列。来自人类感染率最高地区的血粉绝大多数是家畜。牲畜通常不被认为是 RRV 的重要储存宿主，但我们的结果表明它们可能在某些地方的传播生态中发挥作用。令人惊讶的是，199 个血粉样本中没有一个被鉴定为源自巨足类动物。在这些发现的背景下，我们考虑了这些地区可能的 RRV 媒介和储存宿主，并提出南澳地区存在不同的空间和时间传播生态，具体取决于媒介和储存库的可用性。
Ross River virus (RRV) is responsible for the most notifications of human arboviral infection in Australia. Seroprevalence and experimental infection studies have implicated macropods (e.g., kangaroos) as the major reservoir hosts. However, transmission ecology varies spatially, and infections in urban areas have prompted the question of what animals serve as reservoirs in regions where macropods are scarce. In South Australia (SA), human infection rates for RRV vary greatly by region as do vector and reservoir abundance. We hypothesized that mosquito abundance and feeding patterns would vary among ecoregions of SA and could help explain divergent human case rates. To test our hypothesis, we amplified and sequenced a 457 base pair region of the cytochrome B segment of mitochondrial DNA from blood fed mosquitoes collected in three main ecoregions of SA and identified sequences using a BLAST search in NCBI. Domestic livestock made up the vast majority of bloodmeals from the region with the highest human infection rate. Livestock are generally not considered to be important reservoir hosts for RRV, but our results suggest they may have a role in transmission ecology in some places. Surprisingly, none of the 199 bloodmeal samples were identified as macropod in origin. In the context of these findings, we consider the possible RRV vectors and reservoir hosts in these regions and propose that diverse spatial and temporal transmission ecologies occur in SA, depending on vector and reservoir availability.